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Mapping of performance of pumped thermal energy storage (Carnot battery) using waste heat recovery

Mapping of performance of pumped thermal energy storage (Carnot battery) using waste heat recovery. Olivier Dumont a & Vincent lemort a a University of Liege (Belgium). Context. Problem with renewable energies = storage of electricity Smartgrid + benefits Problems with batteries

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Mapping of performance of pumped thermal energy storage (Carnot battery) using waste heat recovery

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  1. Mapping of performance of pumped thermal energy storage (Carnot battery) using waste heat recovery Olivier Dumonta & Vincent lemorta a University of Liege (Belgium)

  2. Context • Problemwithrenewableenergies = storage of electricity • Smartgrid + benefits • Problemswith batteries • Cost (rare materials) • Lifetime (<20 years) • Recycling (impact CO2) • Solution = Thermal battery • Charge = heat pump (electricity heat) • Discharge = Power cycle (heat  electricity) • Emergingtechnology (1st protos 2019-2020) • Cheap, no rare materials, lifetime Electricité Electricité Chaleur Chaleur

  3. Waste heat Recovery TIPTES (hot) PTES TIPTES (cold) Twaste Tstorage Thot ORC HP ORC ORC HP Tair Twaste HP Tstorage Tair Tcold Efficiency < 70 % Efficiency ≈ 100 %

  4. Reversible HP/ORC unit • One unit able to work as HP and as ORC • Cheap • Constraints (Reynolds,efficiency) Dumont, O., Quoilin, S., Lemort, V., 2015. Experimental investigation of a reversible heat pump/organic Rankine cycle unit designed to be coupled with a passive house to get a Net Zero Energy Building, Int. J. Refr. 54:190–203.

  5. Modeling • Hot or cold TIPTES? • MCP or sensible storage? • Sizing? • Compressor/expander • Fluid • Compactness • Performance? • Architecteure(no exp valve, one exp, reverse) • Comparisonwith batteries

  6. Modeling

  7. Results

  8. Influence of the glide • Low for roundtripefficiency • High for compactness of sensible storage

  9. Influence of air and wastetemperature • Fluid • R1234y<<R1233zd(E) • RC and roundtripefficiencies • Increasewithwaste • Decreasewithair • COP • Rather constant (lift) • Hot>>Cold • Thermodynamics • Compatibility (Re) Lift=10

  10. Influence of the volume ratio • Similar value in a given range • Generallybetterwithtwodifferentvolumetric machines hot cold

  11. Compactness • PCM vs sensible Ratio_re=1 Ratio_re=3

  12. Sensitivityanalysis  Accurate design and control required

  13. Conclusions

  14. Conclusions • PTES + waste heat + reversible HP/ORC  Cheap electricitystoragewith high effciency • Cold climates + high waste heat temperature for high roundtripefficiency • Hot > cold • Interest for mcp due to the necessarylow lift • High sensibility to the parameters  accurate design and modelingnecessary • Need for a demonstrator, part loadmodel • Large scale  better perf

  15. Perspectives

  16. FAQ • Low lift, low WHR • Carnot storage , first aimis no WHR • Transcritical cycle? • Not fairroundtripefficiencybecause WHR • Whatisreallyseen by the grid • Recover Heat from condenser • Practicallycomplicated • Lowcompactness • Mcp, higher glide, transcritical cycle, Re_ratio • Doesitwork?

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