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Human Geography of the Middle East

Human Geography of the Middle East. Religious Holy Places: Jerusalem Jewish Presence: Temples of Solomon (Temple Mount) 1 st – King Solomon 2 nd – Built at the same location Western Wall (Wailing Wall) Only remaining portion of the 2 nd Temple Temple was destroyed by the Romans

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Human Geography of the Middle East

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  1. Human Geography of the Middle East

  2. Religious Holy Places: Jerusalem • Jewish Presence: • Temples of Solomon (Temple Mount) • 1st – King Solomon • 2nd – Built at the same location • Western Wall (Wailing Wall) • Only remaining portion of the 2nd Temple • Temple was destroyed by the Romans in 70 A.D. 3 World ReligionsJudaism, Christianity, & Islam

  3. Religious Holy Places: Jerusalem • Christian Heritage • Mount of Olives • Last Suffering • Crucifixion • Church of the Holy Sepulcher • Burial Place • Crusades • Wars to regain control of the Holy Land 3 World ReligionsJudaism, Christianity, & Islam

  4. Religious Holy Places: Jerusalem • Islamic Sacred Sites • Dome of the Rock • Muslims: Where Mohammad rose into Heaven • Jews: Where Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac 3 World ReligionsJudaism, Christianity, & Islam

  5. Early Civilizations • Mesopotamia (Land Between Two Rivers) • Sumer - First civilization to practice intensive, year-round agriculture • Babylonia - Hammurabi's Code, first written Code of Laws • Assyria - First form of formal writing used • Chaldea - The sun dial, the 7 day week and the science of astronomy Cultural history

  6. Outside of Mesopotamia • Hittites • Turkey • Introduced the use of iron weapons • First to create an alliance with another empire (Egypt) • Persia • Iran • Innovation in government organization • System of collecting taxes • Splitting the huge empire into separate states called satrapies Cultural history

  7. Dividing the Moon • Islam splits after the death of Mohammad • Sunni – 83% of all Muslims • Arabian Peninsula & Turkey • Allowed up to 4 wife's • Succession: • Shi’it (Shia) – 17% of all Muslims • Mostly in Iran • Allowed only 1 wife • Succession: Religious & Land struggles

  8. Shahada Salaah Sawm Zahaat Haji Five Pillars of Islam

  9. World War I & Treaty of Versailles • Divided the Ottoman Empire • British – Southern section (Jordan & Palestine) • French – Northern section (Syria & Lebanon) • Creating the State of Israel • Zionism • Create a Jewish state in Palestine • Before WWI 12% were Jewish • Britain allowed uncheck immigration of Jews • 1939 Britain halted immigration History of Unrest

  10. Creating the State of Israel • WWII • Thousand of Holocaust survivors wanted to settle in Palestine. • World opinion: Create of Jewish nation-state. • Israel was created in 1948 by the United Nations. • Surrounding Arabs nations invaded Israel. • Hostilities continue today • PLO – Palestine Liberation Organization (regain occupied land for the Palestinian Arabs) History of Unrest

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