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Neurons. Neurons and neuroglia (multiple sclerosis and neuroglia) Where are neurons in the body? Types of neurons and their functions How do neurons work? Action potentials Synapses. Cell body with nucleus Axon (carries message) Note Schwann cells Dendrites (bring stimulus to cell body)
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Neurons • Neurons and neuroglia (multiple sclerosis and neuroglia) • Where are neurons in the body? • Types of neurons and their functions • How do neurons work? • Action potentials • Synapses
Cell body with nucleus Axon (carries message) Note Schwann cells Dendrites (bring stimulus to cell body) Axonal terminus The Basics of a Neuron
Neurons and neuroglial cells • Axon in peripheral nervous system with myelin sheeth formed by Schwann cells • Provides for insulation and allows for saltatory propagation of action potentials
Neuroglial cells in CNS • Astrocytes • Most abundant and versatile • Control chemical environment around neurons • Also signal among themselves with slow chemical signals • Microglia • Monitor health of neurons and transform into immune macrophages (normal immune cells have no access to CNS) • Ependymal cells • Line cavities of brain/CNS • Barrier between CSF and tissue fluid • Cilia beat to move CSF • Oligodendrocytes • Myelin sheaths in CNS
What happens at the end—chemical synapse • Neuro-muscular junction is synapse between motor unit and muscle cell (motor unit)