FOREIGN POLICY

1. FOREIGN POLICY

2. FANA China - Peshawar Afghanistan FATA Quetta Islamabad Definition by different scholars Lahore Iran India Karachi Arabian Sea

3. Definition by Different Scholars Prof. Tailor - “Foreign policy of a sort which will go on so long as are sovereign states” George Madlikosi- “Foreign policy is the systematic activities evolved by communities for changing the behavior of other states for adjusting their own activities in an international environment” Prof. Joseph Framkel– “Foreign policy consists of decisions and actions which involves to some appreciable extent relations between state and others” Rodee– “Foreign policy involves the implementation of a group principles which shape the behavior pattern of a state which negotiating with other states to protect or further its interest.

4. History Overview Since its establishment in 1947, Pakistan's foreign policy has encompassed difficult relations with the Soviet Union (USSR) who maintained a close military and ideological interaction with the neighboring countries such as Afghanistan (in the West) and India (in East) as well as East-Pakistan. During 1960s, Pakistan's relations with East Pakistan and the neighboring Afghanistan have also been extremely difficult due to the two latter's contest over the Durand Line.

5. Cont… The relations with Iran, Saudi Arabia and China remains extremely important and based on the extensive cooperation in national security and economical interests in the Persian Gulf and wide-ranging bilateral relations with the United States and other Western countries. With the growing influence of USSR in the region, Pakistan cemented close security relations with China in Asia and Poland in Europe during most of the Cold war. While Pakistan's had "on-off relations" with the United States, Pakistan assisted President Nixon reapproach with China and other East Asian countries. 

6. Objective of Foreign Policy • Mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity and national identity of all nations; • The right of every state to lead its national existence free from external interference, subversion or coercion; • Non-interference in the internal affairs of one another; • Settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful means; and the • Renunciation of the threat or use of force;

7. Different Faces of Foreign Policy • Foreign policy is the name of running country’s affairs. Including, • Maintain the relationship between one country to another. • Safe-guarding the interest of country • Keeping the state safe and secure • Its an attitude of the country through which one country holds safeguarding the interest of its own interest from other countries.

8. Cont… • The policy which one country adopts for seeking its own benefit from other country, in this regard country maintains rules and regulations and these particular rules and regulations are called its foreign policy. • Its how one country interacts with another country • Its not only the name of few official documents but it’s the result of those actions and strategies a country undertakes in order to meet its own interest, benefits and sovereignty • Foreign policy is dependent on such actions and decisions which one country take to establish good relationships with other country.

9. Importance of Foreign Policy • Its not possible to safeguard the country’s interest unless necessary policies and strategies are to be formed, which is the result of adopting firm and practical foreign policy. • To attain honor and security of one state and its political stability from other state’s • Through which a country can become friends from one country and the vise versa, by dealing with diplomatically to attain state’s protection

10. Foreign Policy of Pakistan - Reasons Integrity of State Security of Borders Development of State Protecting the honor of State Safeguarding the National Interest Independent Kashmir To acquire peaceful methods while dealing with International conflicts Balance relationship with powerful States To promote relationship with Muslim Countries To promote International Peace

11. Pakistan’s Foreign Policy Pakistan’s foreign policy as proclaimed by Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, to the people of the USA in February 1948: “Our foreign policy is one of friendliness and goodwill towards the nations of the world. We do not cherish aggressive designs against any country or nation. We believe in the principle of honesty and fair play in national and international dealings and are prepared to make our utmost contribution to the promotion of peace and prosperity among the nations of the world

12. Cont… Pakistan will never be found lacking in extending its material and moral support to the oppressed and suppressed peoples of the world, and in upholding the principles of the United Nations Charter.” Pakistan will never be found lacking in extending its material and moral support to the oppressed and suppressed peoples of the world, and in upholding the principles of the United Nations Charter.” (Muhammad Ali Jinnah 1948, in Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2008)

13. Basic Principle of Foreign Policy of Pakistan A country frames its foreign policy in the light of its domestic policies. Foreign policy of a country does not remain static but it changes according to time and circumstances Pakistan’s principles of foreign policy are its ideology and national integration. Its foreign policy was determined by three factors (i) Security (ii) Development (iii) Ideology. Its relationship with super powers and regional powers have been fluctuating according to political weather, injecting a permanent feelings of uncertainty in their friendship.

14. Cont… National Security: National Security occupies first place in the foreign policy of Pakistan since its independence Pakistan’s national security is being threatened by the India because British left the Kashmir issue unsolved and three wars have been fought by both countries. As for as the Kashmir issue is there Pakistan needs to maintain its national security or independence. It is why the main principle of its foreign policy is national security.

15. Economic Interest: Pakistan as a developing country is also needed to establish and maintain cordial relations with those states with whom it can maximize its trade relations or from whom it can obtain maximum economic aid. Islamic Solidarity: Pakistan would pursue its ideological objective and would like to achieve the objective of Islamic Solidarity by promoting its relations with Islamic world and by preserving its Islamic ideology.

16. Peaceful Co-existence: Pakistan would believe in peaceful co-existence and would respect the other countries territorial integrity and sovereignty and non-interference in other’s internal affairs. Non Alignment: Pakistan had followed the policy of neutrality and had not aligned it self with any block. When non-aligned movement was formed it joined it and remained active member of it. Bilateralism: Pakistan has tried to settle its differences with neighbouring countries including India through bilateral negotiations

17. Cont… United Nations: Pakistan has faith in the United Nations and has extended full support to the United Nations actions by contributing military as well as personnel for implementing its decision.

18. Foreign Policy by Gen. Musharraf Took over Nawaz Sharif on 12 Oct. 1999 To ease ways for U.S to intervene The operation against Kashmiri mujaheedin was the result of U.S and Indian commandments Provided ways for US military to ease ways for the intervention of Afghanistan Wiped off Taliban govt. in Afghanistan and U.S took control over there completely The Musharraf foreign policy revolves and walks around U.S