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Information Seeking (I)

Information Seeking (I). 严而清（ yeq@jiangnan.edu.cn ） 江南大学. 培训目标. 为大学生课题研究、撰写论文查找资料提供帮助、打好基础，在提升信息素养的同时提升英语能力。 适用于理工科（食品、生工等）大学生。. Contents. Introduction on Information Seeking Information Evaluation Various information resources and their access (I) Jiangnan University Library.

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Information Seeking (I)

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  1. Information Seeking (I) 严而清（yeq@jiangnan.edu.cn） 江南大学

  2. 培训目标 • 为大学生课题研究、撰写论文查找资料提供帮助、打好基础，在提升信息素养的同时提升英语能力。 • 适用于理工科（食品、生工等）大学生。 信息素养-培训课件

  3. Contents • Introduction on Information Seeking • Information Evaluation • Various information resources and their access (I) • Jiangnan University Library 信息素养-培训课件

  4. Introduction on Information Seeking

  5. What is Information? • Information can be defined as the part of knowledge which can change people’s knowledge structure. (B.C. Brookes) • Information used to be obtained only from friends, experts, printed books, serials, audio-visual materials, etc. • Information used to be accessible through the card catalog, printed bibliographies, etc. 信息素养-培训课件

  6. Information • The digital environment has led to changes in the creation, storage, distribution, access and delivery of information. Digital: Internet Print Digital: CD-ROM, DVD, DAT 信息素养-培训课件

  7. Information Literacy • Have you ever heard of Data Smog? A term coined by author David Shenk, it refers to the idea that too much information can create a barrier in our lives. This data smog is produced by information overload, the speed at which it comes to us from all directions, the need to make fast decisions, and the feeling of anxiety that we are making decisions without having ALL the information that is available or that we need 信息素养-培训课件

  8. Information Literacy • Information Literacy is the set of skills needed to find, retrieve, analyze, and use information • Information literacy is the solution to Data Smog. It allows us to cope by giving us the skills to know when we need information and where to locate it effectively and efficiently • Information literacy includes the technological skills needed to use the modern library as a gateway to information. It enables us to analyze and evaluate the information we find, thus giving us confidence in using that information to make a decision or create a product. 信息素养-培训课件

  9. What is an information literate individual able to do?(Standards in the USA ) • Determine the extent of information needed. • Access the needed information effectively and efficiently. (Skill of information seeking) • Evaluate information and its sources critically. • Incorporate selected information into one’s knowledge base . • Use information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose . • Understand the economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of information, and access and use information ethically and legally. 信息素养-培训课件

  10. Information Searching Tools • Printed tools (Card catalog, printed bibliographies, printed abstracts and indexes, etc.) • E-tools for library collections(OPAC, Web OPAC, Online databases—abstracts and indexes) • Search engines for the Web collection (Google, Alta Vista Advanced Search, AllTheWeb), Meta-Search Engines--most of which are not recommended, others) • Subject Directories • Invisible Web (Searchable databases) 信息素养-培训课件

  11. Information Types • Encyclopedias provide information that is general, but brief. They provide an excellent place to start research Online Encyclopedia Britannica 信息素养-培训课件

  12. Most popular encyclopedia 信息素养-培训课件

  13. Information Types • Monographs or books typically give a broad, thorough treatment of a subject, usually from a retrospective point of view • Periodicals( Journals, magezines) generally provide information that is in-depth and focused, usually from a contemporary point of view. • Government publications provide all of the types of information mentioned above(general, broad, focused, contemporary). This information is stored in government-produced reference sources, monographs, and periodicals. 信息素养-培训课件

  14. National Technical Information Service 信息素养-培训课件

  15. Search Techniques • Keyword Searching A keyword (or word) search retrieves words or phrases from several important fields, usually title,subject and abstract. • Subject Searching A subject search involves searching for a "subject heading" in a database. A subject heading is a consistent term used when there are several ways to state a concept. 信息素养-培训课件

  16. Search Techniques • Boolean Operator Use Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) to combine keywords in a search. • Use AND to narrow a search. Both terms must be present in any references you retrieve. • Use OR to expand a search. Your search will retrieve records with EITHER of the terms, OR is most often used to combine synonyms or like terms. • Use NOT to exclude a term. Records with the first term will be retrieved, but any records with the second term will be eliminated. 信息素养-培训课件

  17. Search Techniques • Nesting The performing sequence of Boolean operators is always: NOT>AND>OR Nesting is using parentheses ( ) to insure that Boolean operations are performed in the sequence you intend. Nesting synonyms can broaden your search. Example: Smoking AND (adolescents OR teenagers) will retrieve both of the following: Smoking is on the rise in teenagers Adolescents turn to smoking to relieve stress 信息素养-培训课件

  18. Search Techniques • Phrase Searching • Some databases automatically search for phrases or adjacent words. Some databases do not have this capability. Check the database Help screens for details. • For example: Keyword search: hearing aids A database with phrase searching would yield: Hearing aids for the elderly A database without phrase searching could yield: AIDS and teenagers : hearing before the Select Committee on Children, Youth, and Families... • Use “”(double quotes) for phrase searching, enter “hearing aids”. 信息素养-培训课件

  19. Search Techniques • Truncations , Wild cards • Truncationallows you to search for a root form of a word and pick up any ending. For Example: Politic* will retrieve politic, politics, political, politicians Many databases use * as for truncation. Some others use $. Check the database Help to find out. • Wild cardcan be used within or at the end of a search term to substitute for one or no characters. This wild card is useful for retrieving documents with British and American word variants . Many databases use ? as for wild card. For Example: colo?r will retrieve color and colour 信息素养-培训课件

  20. Search Techniques • Field-specific SearchingA good technique for focusing a database search is to limit your search to a specific field. For Example:In Google, if you’d like to limit a keywords in webpage title, enter “intitle:mars“ . If you’d like to limit the filetype，you may enter “filetype: ppt “ 信息素养-培训课件

  21. Search Strategy: Preparing for Keyword Search • Choose a topic that interests you, and state it as specifically as possible. Use general sources, such as encyclopedias or textbooks, to define and focus the topic, develop an overview and gather background information. The bibliographies in these sources are usually excellent starting points, since they provide a list of books and articles that are not only pertinent, but also authoritative. e.g. Application of Lactose in the dehydrated vegetables. 信息素养-培训课件

  22. Search Strategy: Preparing for Keyword Search • Identify the main concepts of your topic and generate a list of search terms and subject headings for each. Use these search terms to search the topic in reference books and electronic databases. e.g. lactose, dehydrated vegetables If you don’t find enough, make a list of additional keywords or phrases for each concept (Synonyms). e.g milk sugar, dried vegetables 信息素养-培训课件

  23. Search Strategy: Preparing for Keyword Search • Build a search query • Use Boolean operators, proximity, nesting (parentheses) etc. to combine the keywords. • E.g. (lactose OR milk sugar) AND (dried vegetables OR dehydrated vegetables) 信息素养-培训课件

  24. Search Strategy: Preparing for Keyword Search • Choose the Databases ( Search tools) Start with your favorite search engine (Google, Yahoo!) Databases: • Databases with Full-texts • E-Books :EBSCO e-books, Springer-Link e-books, etc. • E-Journals: SDOL, Kluwer, Springer-Link, John-Wiley • Patent Databases: Espacenet (European Patent Office), USPTO, Chinese Office of Intellectual Property, etc. • Databases of Other Document Types: PQDD, etc. • Bibliographic Databases: CA, FSTA, EI Compendex, SCOPUS, MEDLINE, etc. • Web Academic Databases: Google Scholar, Scirus , etc. 信息素养-培训课件

  25. Search Strategy: Preparing for Keyword Search • Perfom the Search Search and determine if the results satisfy you. Please discuss: • If too little search results, what to do? • If too many search results, what to do? 信息素养-培训课件

  26. Information Evaluation

  27. Why evaluate? In today's information age anyone who has the necessary skills can find a wealth of information on almost any topic. • Search results often contain irrelevant, inaccurate, and unreliable information • Before expending the effort to obtain the full content, read, and analyze information each search result represents, we should filter the search results to select a set of results most likely to be useful. • Evaluating information is an essential part of research 信息素养-培训课件

  28. Evaluation Criteria • Type of Document • Subject & Scope • Authority • Purpose • Timeliness • Accurracy • Documentation • Review process 信息素养-培训课件

  29. Type of Document • The type of document can give an indication of the scope and content • Textbook → a good introduction to a subject • Conference Proceedings → Overview of the state of the art (most current) research findings • Books usually give a broader coverage than journal articles, but the latter tend to be more up to date 信息素养-培训课件

  30. Subject & Scope • Does the document cover the right topic? • What is the breadth of the publication? • Does the document provide an overview of the topic or is it focused on a specialized aspect of the topic • Is the document a primary research? Or a secondary research? How to find out? • Examine title, keywords, subject headings, abstract • Scan the preface, table of contents, index, bibliography • Original research presents new findings and theories. Secondary research can be found in compilation or evaluation of previously presented material (like review article, textbook) 信息素养-培训课件

  31. Authority • What are the author's credentials? • Does the author have expertise on the subject? How to find out? • Look at the source to see if it tells you anything about the author's credentials. • Check a biographical source. • Read a critical review. A review will often give information about the author. 信息素养-培训课件

  32. Timeliness • When was the information published? • Is the date of publication important to the subject matter? How to find out? • Look at the date of publication. • Determine whether it is important to use current sources for the subject. In fields such as medicine, science, business, and technology, currency of information is important. In fields such as history and literature, older materials may be just as valuable as newer ones 信息素养-培训课件

  33. Accuracy • Is the information in the resource accurate? Is the origin of the content documented? Are facts verifiable and accurate? • Is the information factual, or opinion? Can its objectivity be assessed? • Are there political or ideological biases? • Can information be verified ? • Is a subject specialist available who could advise as to the accuracy of information content? • Are there (grammatical, spelling, typographical) errors? How to find out? • Objective, correct, referenced, or professionally sponsored information is a mark of accuracy • You may wish to check this against other resources, or by checking some information about which you have special knowledge. • Check if the citations & reference list is available, and if information can be cross-checked with other sources. 信息素养-培训课件

  34. Documentation • Does the author refer to other works? • Does the source have a bibliography? How to find out? • Does the author support his or her statements with data or references to research? • Look at the end of the source for a bibliography or list of references. 信息素养-培训课件

  35. Purpose • What is the purpose of the source? Is it to inform, persuade, present opinions, report research, or sell a product? • What type of audience is the author addressing? • Scientist, professionals, general audience? • Is the publication aimed at a highly specialised, technical audience or is it more basic and elementary? How to find out? • Look at the preface. Modern retrieval and search systems also sometimes indicate the targeted audience. • Determine whether the source is published by an organization with a particular purpose. • Determine whether the source attempts to sell a product or promote a particular point of view • Determine whether the material is scholarly or popular using this list of criteria. 信息素养-培训课件

  36. Review process • If the source is a periodical article, was it reviewed for publication? • If the source is a book, what is the reputation of the publisher? • If it is from the Internet, was there any review process at all? Was it critically reviewed after it was written? How to find out? • Find out whether a journal is peer reviewed or refereed • Information may be published by an association,a university press, a commercial publisher, or a government. If you know something about the publisher, you can often identify bias and point of view. 信息素养-培训课件

  37. Various information resources and their access (I) Jiangnan University Library

  38. Homepage of Jiangnan University Library (Chinese Version) http://lib.jiangnan.edu.cn 信息素养-培训课件

  39. Homepage of Jiangnan University Library (English Version) http://lib.jiangnan.edu.cn/index_en.asp 信息素养-培训课件

  40. Jiangnan University Library • Library Hold Books Search – Catalogue • Read’s Information – My Library 信息素养-培训课件

  41. Access the Catalog 信息素养-培训课件

  42. Main Search Page – Simple Search Choose the search field Enter your search words More options Choose the document type Search Hot topics 信息素养-培训课件

  43. Document Types you may choose Foreign Books All Chinese Books Foreign Journals Chinese Journals 信息素养-培训课件

  44. Search fields you may choose Title Author Subject ISBN/ISSN Order Number Classification Number Accession Number Publisher Serial Book Title Title Pinyin Author Pinyin 信息素养-培训课件

  45. More options Search Modes: Stemming Exactly Match Match Anywhere Results sort by Results per page Collecting Date Title Author Accession Number Publisher Results display by: Details Form Choose a location 信息素养-培训课件

  46. e.g Seek for books on “functional foods” 信息素养-培训课件

  47. Detailed Information of the book Most important information to locate the book Accession Number location Available or not 信息素养-培训课件

  48. Advanced Search Page 信息素养-培训课件

  49. Reader’s Information – My Library Login to my library User Name： Notes: You may choose the card number The original password is the same as the bar number of the card You may edit he password Rembmber the E-mail you set. If you forget you password, the system will identify the e-mail first. Card No. Bar No. Email Password： Forget the password Log in 信息素养-培训课件

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