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Molecular Compounds

Chemical Bonding. Molecular Compounds. A. Energy of Bond Formation. Potential Energy based on position of an object low PE = high stability. no interaction. increased attraction. A. Energy of Bond Formation. Potential Energy Diagram. attraction vs. repulsion. increased repulsion.

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Molecular Compounds

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  1. Chemical Bonding Molecular Compounds C. Johannesson

  2. A. Energy of Bond Formation • Potential Energy • based on position of an object • low PE = high stability C. Johannesson

  3. no interaction increased attraction A. Energy of Bond Formation • Potential Energy Diagram attraction vs. repulsion C. Johannesson

  4. increased repulsion balanced attraction & repulsion A. Energy of Bond Formation • Potential Energy Diagram attraction vs. repulsion C. Johannesson

  5. Bond Energy Bond Length A. Energy of Bond Formation • Bond Energy • Energy required to break a bond C. Johannesson

  6. A. Energy of Bond Formation • Bond Energy • Short bond = high bond energy C. Johannesson

  7. X 2s 2p B. Lewis Structures • Electron Dot Diagrams • show valence e- as dots • distribute dots like arrows in an orbital diagram • 4 sides = 1 s-orbital, 3 p-orbitals • EX: oxygen O C. Johannesson

  8. Ne B. Lewis Structures • Octet Rule • Most atoms form bonds in order to obtain 8 valence e- • Full energy level stability ~ Noble Gases C. Johannesson

  9. - + + B. Lewis Structures • Nonpolar Covalent - no charges • Polar Covalent - partial charges C. Johannesson

  10. C. Molecular Nomenclature • Prefix System (binary compounds) 1. Less e-neg atom comes first. 2. Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. Omit mono- prefix on first element. 3. Change the ending of the second element to -ide. C. Johannesson

  11. PREFIX mono- di- tri- tetra- penta- hexa- hepta- octa- nona- deca- NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C. Molecular Nomenclature C. Johannesson

  12. C. Molecular Nomenclature • CCl4 • N2O • SF6 • carbon tetrachloride • dinitrogen monoxide • sulfur hexafluoride C. Johannesson

  13. C. Molecular Nomenclature • arsenic trichloride • dinitrogen pentoxide • tetraphosphorus decoxide • AsCl3 • N2O5 • P4O10 C. Johannesson

  14. C. Molecular Nomenclature • The Seven Diatomic Elements Br2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2 O2 F2 H N O F Cl Br I C. Johannesson

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