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Newton’s Laws of Motion

Newton’s Laws of Motion. NOTE TAKING WORKSHEET. Section 1: Motion. POSITION. DISTANCE. A. Motion is a change in __________________. 1. ______________ - the entire path an object travels.

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Newton’s Laws of Motion

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  1. Newton’s Laws of Motion • NOTE TAKING WORKSHEET

  2. Section 1: Motion POSITION DISTANCE • A. Motion is a change in __________________. • 1. ______________ - the entire path an object travels. • 2. The distance and direction between starting and stopping positions is _________________________. • 3. _____________ motion - an object’s position change is described in terms of a reference point. • B. ______________ - distance traveled divided by the time needed to travel the distance, or speed = distance/time • 1. ___________________________ - speed is the same at any given moment in time. • 2. Speed at a particular instant in time is ________________________ speed. DISPLACEMENT RELATIVE SPEED CONSTANT SPEED INSTANTANEOUS

  3. Section 1: Motion VELOCITY AVERAGE DIRECTION • C. __________________ - displacement divided by time, or v = displacement/time. • 1. Formula calculates ___________________ velocity. • 2. Includes concept of ___________________ as well as speed. • D. Change in velocity divided by the time required for the change to occur is • _____________________________. • 1. Acceleration occurs when an object _____________________ as well as speeds up. • 2. For an object traveling in a straight line, a change in _____________ can be used to calculate acceleration. • a. Acceleration is final speed minus initial speed divided by __________, or • acceleration = (final speed - initial speed) • time • b. Initial speed is ______________ for objects at rest. • 3. _________________ or changing direction is also acceleration. ACCELERATION SLOWS DOWN SPEED TIME ZERO TURNING

  4. Section 2: Newton’s First Law MOTION FORCE CONTACT • A. Laws of __________________ are sets of rules first stated by Isaac Newton. • 1. ____________ - a push or pull with a size and direction. • 2. ____________ force involves objects touching each other. • 3. ________________ forces include gravity, magnetism, and electricity. • 4. When scientists measure force, they use the _______________, abbreviated N. • B. _____________ law of motion - an object will remain at rest or move in a straight line with constant speed unless a force acts on it. • 1. _______________ measures an object’s tendency to remain at rest or keep moving. • 2. Inertia is related to ____________; objects with more mass have more inertia. LONG-RANGE NEWTON FIRST INERTIA MASS

  5. Section 2: Newton’s First Law MORE THAN C. Adding forces - sometimes __________________ one force acts on an object. 1. __________________ forces - forces that are equal but in opposite directions, canceling each other. 2. If one force is greater than another, a change in motion will result from the __________________________ forces. 3. An object acted on by an unbalanced force changes __________________. BALANCED UNBALANCED VELOCITY Section 3: Newton’s Second Law

  6. A. Second law of motion - an object acted on by an unbalanced force will ____________________ in the direction of the force. 1. Acceleration equals force divided by mass or a = force/mass 2. Force is equal to the combination of all forces, or the __________ force that acts on an object. B. Second law can also be used to find ______________ if mass and acceleration are known. 1. Near Earth’s surface, the force of gravity causes all objects to fall with the same __________________________ 9.8 m/s2 a. For any object that is falling, the force of gravity ____________ mass times acceleration due to gravity, or F = m x (9.8 m/s2 ) b. Because weight is the force of gravity on an object, an object’s weight ________ mass times acceleration due to gravity, or weight = m x (9.8 m/s2 ) 2. Weight and mass are not the same thing. a. Weight changes when the acceleration due to ______________ changes. b. Mass remains the ____________ no matter what weight is. ACCELERATE NET FORCE ACCELERATION EQUALS EQUALS GRAVITY SAME

  7. Section 3: Newton’s Second Law FRICTION C. _________________ - a force that resists motion and is always present between two moving surfaces. 1. _____________ friction - keeps a stationary object from moving on a surface when a force is applied to the object. 2. _____________ friction - occurs when two surfaces slide past each other; slows down the moving object. 3. _____________ friction - friction between a surface and a wheel when the wheel rolls over the surface. 4. Air ___________________ - typical action of air molecules on a forward-moving object, slowing its motion. STATIC SLIDING ROLLING RESISTANCE

  8. Section 4: Newton’s Third Law FORCES A. Third law of motion - _______________ always act in equal but opposite pairs. 1. When a force is exerted on an object, the object exerts the _________ amount of force. 2. Third law of motion applies whether forces are contact or _________________. B. Things move because action and reaction forces work on _________________ objects. 1. Friction is a factor in the third law. 2. Using the second law equation, the object with the larger mass has the smaller _________________________ if the same force is applied. 3. All objects in the universe exert a force on all others; however, differences in _______ may make these forces unnoticeable. C. The three laws of motion describe how any object moves when ____________ act on it. SAME LONG-RANGE ALL ACCELERATION MASS FORCES

  9. OverviewNewton’s Laws of Motion 1. If you walk from your house to your friend’s house, the distance and direction between your house and your friend’s house is your _________________________ 2. The distance traveled divided by the time needed to travel the distance is ______________________________ 3. Displacement divided by time is ____________________________ 4. Forces that cancel each other out are _____________________________ DISPLACEMENT SPEED VELOCITY BALANCED

  10. an object in According to NEWTON’S NEWTON’S NEWTON’S 5. ___________ law of motion 9. ____________ law of motion 7. ____________ law of motion FIRST THIRD SECOND forces always act in an object 8. acted upon by a ____________ motion 10. ______________ but opposite pairs EQUAL FORCE will stay in motion until a will accelerate in the direction of that force 6. ____________ acts upon it FORCE

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