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SABOR: Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research Campaign

SABOR: Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research Campaign. Outline. SABOR Genesis & objectives Components Ship based measurements Aircraft based measurements Deployment concept Where, when & how. SABOR: Genesis.

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SABOR: Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research Campaign

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  1. SABOR:Ship-Aircraft Bio-Optical Research Campaign

  2. Outline • SABOR • Genesis & objectives • Components • Ship based measurements • Aircraft based measurements • Deployment concept • Where, when & how

  3. SABOR: Genesis • Three independent proposals funded under the OBB A.3 had related objectives and complementary methodologies • Cetinić et al.: Multi-sensor, ecosystem-based approaches for estimation of particulate organic carbon • Gilerson et al.: Development of a Methodology for the Retrieval of Characteristics of Water Constituents from Satellite PolarimetricObservations • Hostetler et al.: Advanced Ocean Retrievals Using Lidar and PolarimeterMeasurements • With Paula’s encouragement, the teams joined forces for a combined effort • Collaboration between NRL and NASA LaRC led to ONR funding for NRL’s participation

  4. SABOR: Objectives Can we use polarization measurements to do biogeochemistry? Synergistic approach: • In situ IOPs and biogeochemical measurements • In situ polarimetric (above and in water) measurements for retrieval of IOPs • Airborne lidar + polarimetermeasurements Redundancy and Cross-Validation

  5. Ship based measurements

  6. Phytoplankton Carbon, Growth Rates, and Primary Production Behrenfeld, Graff, Westberry & Milligan Halsey & Fisher Example of the CbPM applied in-situ vs ranges in depth integrated C14 NPP (Graff et al. in review) Atlantic Ocean N-S Transect (AMT-22) CbPM (N = 180) C14 ranges (N = 37) Mixed Layer NPP (mg C m-2 d-1) df df

  7. Ecosystem based POC retrieval Cetinić, Perry, Poulton & Slade POC/bbp (×10-2 mg C m-2) Flow-through, size fractionated IOPs & discrete samples (size fractionated) POC, SPM, HPLC pigments, Cphyto, Phytoplankton composition + PSD

  8. In situ polarized VSF and other IOPs 170º Twardowski & Stockley MASCOT VSF profile depolarization ratio, q depolarization ratio, z

  9. Polarization light fields Gilerson, Ahmed, Gross, Moshary, Puschell, Cairns and Chowdhary DATA LOG & STEPPER MOTOR FULL STOKES POLARIZATION CAMERA Expected DoLP vs c/a relationships based on extensive RT simulations Coastal waters model Underwater polarimeter– camera system THRUSTERS HYPERSPECTRAL RADIOMETERS (0°, 45°, 90°, LH CP) HyperSAS-POL for underway measurements Open ocean model

  10. In situ VSF& ship-based PolarimetricLidar Gray, Kearney & Gould Lidar linear depolarization (cross/co) MVSM circular depolarization (cross/co)

  11. Aircraft based measurements

  12. Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP) Chowdharyand Cairns SWIR cooling Mount Optics Normalized Linear Polarized Intensity Normalized Intensity sun glint sun glint Scanning system 410 nm 865 670 550 410 470 865 nm 1590 nm sun glint 2250 nm RSP obtains multiangle and multispectral measurements of intensity and of linear polarization for each pixel along the ground track viewing angle (deg) viewing angle (deg)

  13. Improving and validating lidar retrievals Hostetler, Hu, Hair, & Behrenfeld Oct. 17 Flight Oct 13 Flight Ship Track AZORES Oct. 18 Flight LIdar retrieval of Kd (532 nm) along flight tracks. Background is MODIS Kd scaled to 532 nm Employing the High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) technique to make quantitative profile retrievals of bbp and Kd Preliminary data were acquired from the Azores in October 2012

  14. Lidar Kd Retrieval at 532 nm Next chart focuses on this transition region

  15. bbp retrieved from HSRL-1 lidar in the transition region Transition in bbp consistent with transition in Kd Azores mission provided first-ever independent profiles of Kd and bbp from lidar via the HSRL technique The lidar has since been modified to improve the retrievals SABOR will vet the techniques planned a space version of the lidar: OPAL – Ocean Profiling and Atmospheric Lidar

  16. SABOR Deployment

  17. SABOR: Deployment • 19 July – 5 Aug 2014, 20-day cruise • Project management and support by Earth Science Project Office at NASA Ames (Allison and Tolley) • Platforms: • R/V Endeavor - outfitted with optical and constituent measurements • NASA’s UC-12 Aircraft - deploying lidar and polarimeter UNOLS Research Vessel NASA UC-12 Aircraft

  18. SABOR: Deployment • SHIP • 24/7 flowthrough optics + pol-radiometry • LIDAR before/after stations • 18 long stations • 16 short stations • 4 cross-shelf transects • 2 – 24 hour stations • AIRCRAFT • Transect flights • Polarization overflights

  19. SABOR: Summary • Ship + Aircraft experiment • Across-fields collaboration = Synergistic results • Showcase for future of polarization measurements in field of oceanic biogeochemistry • Airborne demonstration of potential future spaceborne ocean-profiling lidar • Look for our posters/talks on future conferences (Ocean Optics and 2015 OCRT)

  20. Thank you

  21. SABOR Underway Optics

  22. SABOR Profiling In-water Optics

  23. SABOR Instrumentation Added to R/V CTD Rosette

  24. SABOR Underway Optics

  25. SABOR Profiling In-water Optics

  26. SABOR Instrumentation Added to R/V CTD Rosette

  27. Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean (HICO) Chesapeake Bay 26 January 2010 • Built by NRL and installed on the International Space Station (ISS) in October 2009 • Currently operated by NASA and NRL • NASA OC standard and NRL specific IOP and AOP products available TCC Beam c 667 nm

  28. Azores 2012 Deployment, October 2012 Oct. 17 Flight Oct 13 Flight Ship Track AZORES Oct. 18 Flight HSRL-1 retrieval of Kd (532 nm) along flight tracks. Background is MODIS Kd scaled to 532 nm

  29. HSRL Kd ~10% larger than MODIS with high correlation Focusing on this transition region

  30. Ultimately, we are interested in understanding marine biogenic aerosols and their impact on the radiation budget. Airborne lidar and polarimeter observations provide coincident data on plankton abundance and aerosol and cloud properties. Lidar and polarimeter data from this transition region

  31. Retrievals possible in broken cloud conditions 13:51 UT 13:52 UT 14:16 UT

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