Installing and Upgrading Windows

1. Installing and Upgrading Windows Chapter 6

2. Overview • In this chapter, you will learn to • Explain the installation and upgrade process of Windows • Install and upgrade Windows 9x/Me • Install and upgrade Windows 2000 Professional • Install and upgrade Windows XP Professional • Troubleshoot common installation problems

3. Windows Installation /Upgrade Overview

4. Requirements CPU model Amount of RAM memory Amount of free hard disk space Video adapter Display Other storage devices Minimums Absolute minimums Recommended minimums Identify Hardware Requirements

5. Hardware & Software Compatibility • Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) • www.microsoft.com/whdc/hcl/search.mspx • If your hardware or software does not appear on the HCL, don’t panic: • Check the hardware or software manufacturer’s website for compatible drivers or versions • You should always try to get the latest version of all drivers and software from the manufacturer’s website

6. Windows Hardware and Driver Central

7. Clean Installation or Upgrade? • Clean installation is an installation onto an empty hard drive • All applications will need to be reinstalled and reconfigured • Multi-boot installations • System partition must be formatted in a file system common to all installed OS’s • Install in order of vintage…oldest to newest • Except that you can install NT after any version of 9x/Me • Upgrade installation is on top of an earlier version

8. Taking Care of Data • Determine how to backup and restore existing data if necessary • Any data stored on the local hard drive needs to be backed up before performing the installation • Data may be backed up to a network drive, a Zip disk, burned to a CD, backed up to a tape.

9. Select an Installation Method • Bootable CD or Boot Floppy • Bootable diskettes for Windows XP? • Check Microsoft’s Knowledge Base at support.microsoft.com and search for article 310994 • Other installation methods • Off the network • Manual (attended) or scripted (unattended or automatic) • Using an image • Norton’s Ghost (Symantec) • PowerQuest’s Drive Image • Acronis’ True Image • Phoenix ImageCast • Windows 2000 Server Remote Installation Services (RIS)

10. Partitioning and File Systems • Determine how you want to partition your hard drive • Determine what file system you would like to use • Consider compatibility with other OS’s • If you are planning a multi-boot, use a file system that all of the OSs can understand on drive c:

11. Determine Your Computer’s Network Role • Standalone • Computer does not participate on a network • Workgroup • Computer participates with a select group of other computers on the network, such as within a user’s department • Domain • Computer participates on a much wider scale across the network

12. Language and Locale • Decide on your computer’s language and locale settings

13. Performing the Installation/Ugrade • Text mode is the first part of the installation or upgrade process • Inspects the hardware • Displays the End User License Agreement (EULA) • Partition hard drive • Copies needed files for the next mode • Reboots • Graphical mode begins the graphical portion of setup • Product key required – write it on the CD itself with a Sharpie so you don’t loose it

14. Post Installation Tasks • Service packs are the result of bundling a number of previously released patches • Patches fix issues or bugs in the operating system and frequently add better security • Updated drivers • Always check for updated drivers – the ones that came on the CD are almost never the latest • Updates • Reinstallation of any applications • Restore data

15. Installing and Upgrading Windows 9x/Me

16. Preparing to Upgrade/Install • Determine the minimum hardware requirements for Windows 9x • Check the Microsoft hardware compatibility list (HCL) • Run an antivirus utility and save any data when upgrading Windows

17. Preparing to Upgrade/Install • Ensure availability of a setup disk or a bootable CD-ROM (CMOS permitting) depending upon the Windows 9x version you want to install • The Setup Disk may be used to partition and format the drive as required before Windows will install • Use the correct version of the CD-ROM – full or Upgrade • Decide the type of partition to be used – FAT16 or FAT32

18. Installing vs. Upgrading • Upgrading • A clean install requires partitioning and formatting of the drive • The FDISK utility can be used to partition a drive • Windows provides a Drive Converter utility for converting from FAT16 to FAT32 without loss of data • CVT at the command prompt or CVT1 in Windows Start Programs Accessories System Tools Drive Converter

19. The Install/Upgrade Process • The Install and Upgrade processes become virtually identical once the blank drive is formatted • The SETUP.EXE program from the CD-ROM is used for a clean installation It’s a good idea to copy the contents of the \WIN9x folder from the CD-ROM to a folder on the hard drive. Installation goes faster and you won’t need to find the CD-ROM later when Windows asks for it due to configuration changes.

20. The Install/Upgrade Process • Text Mode • ScanDisk runs and a check for video and a mouse is done • A few critical files are loaded • Graphical Mode starts Install Setup Wizard • See the following screens…

21. Setup Options

22. Product Key

23. Choosing the Directory If you are upgrading from Win95, you must use the same directory that Win95 used.

24. Win98 Installation Steps Concluded • Prompt to make a Startup disk • Prompt for network options • Opportunity to save the Win95 files if upgrading • Then the long copying process • Hardware detection

25. Installing Windows NT 4.0 Workstation

26. Installing Windows NT 4.0 Workstation • Large installed base at companies • Usually installed on older machines at this point • Note PnP • Check the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) • On the CD in the SUPPORT folder as HCL.HLP • On Microsoft’s web site • Or run the NT Hardware Qualifier (NTHQ) on the install CD in \SUPPORT\HQTOOL folder • Use MAKEDISK.BAT to create a bootable disk

27. Installing Windows NT 4.0 Workstation • NT supports FAT (FAT16) and NTFS4 file systems • Use NTFS if possible • Assumes you are part of a network • Patch it as soon as you install it – use Service Pack 6a

28. Hardware Requirements

29. Installing and Upgrading to Windows 2000 Professional

30. Preinstallation Tasks • Identify hardware requirements • Determine whether your hardware is on the Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) • Determine disk partitioning • Choose a file system • Determine whether your computer will join a workgroup or a domain • Complete a checklist

31. Hardware Requirements

32. Hardware Compatibility List • List of supported devices • Tested drivers supplied for devices on HCL • \Support\HCL.txt or http://www.microsoft.com

33. Hardware and Software Compatibility

34. Disk Partitions • Setup checks for an available partition • If the hard disk is not partitioned, create and size the Microsoft Windows 2000 partition • If the hard disk has an existing partition that is large enough, you can use that existing partition • If the hard disk has an existing partition, you can delete it and create a suitable partition

35. File Systems Notes • The only reason to use FAT or FAT32 is for dual booting • Only NT or Windows 2000 can access an NTFS partition • Partitions smaller than 2 GB are formatted FAT • Partitions larger than 2 GB are formatted FAT32 • NTFS 5 includes disk quotas, file and folder encryption, and Dynamic disk configurations

36. Networking Options • By default Windows 2000 installs • Client for Microsoft Networks • File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks • Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) • Workgroup or Domain

37. Language and Locale Settings • Windows supports many languages, keyboard layouts, currency, time/date display, and numbering

38. Installing and Upgrading to Windows XP Professional

39. Upgrade Paths • Windows 98 (all versions) • Windows Millennium Edition • Windows NT 4.0 Workstation (SP5 and later) • Windows 2000 Professional • Windows XP Home Edition

40. Windows XP Hardware Requirements

41. Hardware and Software Compatibility • Windows Catalog • Go to www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/compatibility/ and select the Discover the Windows Catalog link • Upgrade Advisor • Insert the Windows XP CD and type setup.exe • Select Check System Compatibility • Then Check My System Automatically

42. Booting into Windows XP Setup • All Windows XP CD’s are bootable • Microsoft does not include a way to create bootup diskettes • If you need them, you’ll need to access Microsoft’s website to create the six diskettes you’ll need

43. Registration versus Activation • Registration is still optional • Giving Microsoft your name, address, company, phone number, and so forth • Microsoft Product Activation • Mandatory • You will have 30 days from the date of installation • After that the OS will disable itself • You will receive numerous reminders to activate your OS

44. Microsoft Product Activation

45. Windows XP Installation: Text Mode

46. Windows XP Installation: Graphical Mode

47. Troubleshooting Installation Problems

48. Text Mode Errors • No Boot Device Present When Booting Off the Startup Disk • Bad startup disk or CMOS is not set to boot off floppy • Windows Has Detected That Drive C: Does Not Contain a Valid FAT Partition • Either you forgot to partition the drive or you have a drive formatted in a file system the OS does not understand • Windows Setup Requires XXXX Amount of Available Drive Space • Not enough hard drive space or you forgot to format the drive

49. Text Mode Errors • MSCDEX Error “No CD-ROM Detected” • CD-ROM driver settings are messed up • Not Ready Error on CD-ROM • Damaged CD or maybe the CD is just not ready yet (retry) • A Stop Error (Blue Screen of Death) after the reboot at the end of text mode • Most likely a hardware compatibility issue or BIOS • Check Microsoft’s knowledge base article 165863

50. Graphical Mode Errors • Hardware Detection Errors • Hardware compatibility issue – if it’s not a critical device you’ll be able to come back to it later • Can’t Read CAB Files • CAB (cabinet) files are compressed files with .cab extension • CD may be scratched – try copying the i386 directory to the hard drive and running setup from there • This System Already Has An OS • Occurs when trying to us a full version Win98 CD to upgrade Win95 – just rename the following files in the system folder and restart setup: • Setupx.dll to setupx.ol1 • Setupx.w95 to setupx.ol2