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Diabetes Awareness & Prevention: Take Charge of Your Health

Gain insights on diabetes - its causes, symptoms, and long-term effects. Learn self-care tips, prevention strategies, and essential actions for diabetics to manage their health effectively.

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Diabetes Awareness & Prevention: Take Charge of Your Health

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  1. Diabetes Awareness, Prevention & Control By Nnawuihe Ugo. Nwosu Ph.D. (Candidate), MSc., MBA, CHES.

  2. What is Diabetes? • Diabetes occurs when blood glucose in the body rises above normal levels • This results mainly from the inability of the body to make enough insulin • Uncontrolled sugar which builds up in the body system has both acute and chronic consequences (Forth & Jude, 2010). • Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in the United States (CDC, 2018). • 65% of Diabetics die from heart-related disease or stroke (Caple & Schub, 2011).

  3. Signs & Symptoms of Diabetes • Frequent urination (Polyuria) • Excessive thirst (Polydipsia) • Excessive eating (Polyphagia) • Unusual weight loss • Delayed wound healing • Blurry vision • Very dry skin • Tingling or numbness in hands and feet • Extreme fatigue and instability, and dehydration

  4. Causes/Risk Factors of Diabetes Hereditary in families/Genetics Sedentary lifestyles resulting from physical inactivity Unhealthy food choices Gain in body weight or obesity Race Poverty Old age Environmental factors.

  5. Long-Term Consequences of Diabetes • Retinopathy/Blindness (damage to the retina of the eyes) • Nephropathy (kidney failure, hypertension and vascular problems) • Neuropathy (nerve damage, impotence in men) • Delayed wound healing • Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) • Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) • Foot disease e.g. foot ulcers and deformities • Stroke

  6. What Diabetics Should Do • Avoid excessive alcohol • Avoid use of tobacco products • Actively managing serum lipids level • Receive regular vaccinations, e.g. flu vaccines to prevent influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia • Keep hypertension under control to reduce risk of atherosclerosis • Maintain strict and sustained dietary controls • Be active and exercise daily

  7. What Diabetics Should Do, Contd. • Take medications regularly as prescribed • Keep medications supply with you at all times • Eat healthy and develop a meal plan • Check blood sugar daily or a number of times daily • Check blood pressure regularly • Check your weight regularly • Keep strict scheduling for regular medical checkup • Check cholesterol level regularly • Learn signs and symptoms of stroke

  8. Recommended Diabetes Self-Care Activities • Learn to recognize symptoms of low blood sugar • Learn to recognize symptoms of high blood sugar • Be able to read food labels and do food exchanges • Participate in supervised exercise programs • Report all injuries, cuts, and blisters promptly • Avoid constricting shoes • Make healthier food choices • Know how to monitor and maintain healthier weights • Wear socks, slippers and do not walk barefoot

  9. Recommended Diabetes Self-Care Activities, Contd. • Check for weak pulses and pains • Regularly apply petroleum jelly to the hips and emollient lotion to the skin to reduce dryness • Ensure adequate fluid intake and learn to recognize signs of severe dehydration • Take bed time snacks before retiring if you need it • Carry a medical identification tag with you always

  10. ALWAYS REMEMBER DIABETES IS A SELF-CARE AILMENT. ONLY YOU CAN TAKE ADEQUATE CARE OF YOURSELF!!

  11. References Caple C., & Schub T. (2011).Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2: Cardiovascular Risk. Evidence- Based Care Sheet. Cinahi Information Systems, Glendale, CA. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention. (2018). Leading Causes of Death. Retrieved fromhttps://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/leading-causes-of-death.htm Forth, R., & Jude, E. (2011).Diabetes: Complications, Prevention and Treatment. British Journal of Healthcare Management,17 (1), 30-34.

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