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The Gas Laws

The Gas Laws. Kelvin Scale. The Kelvin temperature scale is a scale that starts at a temperature of -273 o C. That is the lowest possible temperature and is referred to as absolute zero. You can convert from Celsius to Kelvin using the following formula K = 273.15 + o C. Charles’s Law.

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The Gas Laws

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  1. The Gas Laws

  2. Kelvin Scale • The Kelvin temperature scale is a scale that starts at a temperature of -273o C. That is the lowest possible temperature and is referred to as absolute zero. • You can convert from Celsius to Kelvin using the following formula K = 273.15 + oC

  3. Charles’s Law • Charles’s law states that the volume of a fixed amount of gas varies directly with the Kelvin temperature. V1 = V2 T1 T2 * Temperature must be in units of Kelvin.

  4. Charles’s Law Do Now An oxygen filled balloon has a volume of 2.0L at 50oC. What would the volume of the balloon be if you cooled the gas to 20oC

  5. Gay-Lussac’s Law • Gay-Lussac’s law states that the pressure of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume varies directly with the Kelvin temperature. P1 = P2 T1 T2 * Temperature must be in units of Kelvin.

  6. Do Now Charles and Gay-lussac • 1. A gas has an initial volume of 20 L at 20 oC. If the gas is heated to 50oC. What must be the new volume of the gas? • 2. A gas has an initial Pressure of 2 atm at 200 K. If the pressure is raised to 5 atm at constant volume. What must be the new temperature of the gas?

  7. Combined Gas Law • The combined gas law expresses the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas. P1V1 = P2V2 T1 T2 * Temperature must be in units of Kelvin.

  8. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures • The pressure of each gas in a mixture is called the partial pressure of that gas. • Dalton’s law states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the component gases. P Total = P1 + P2 + P3

  9. Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

  10. Conversions 1atm = 760 mm Hg If a balloon has a pressure recorded as 740 mm Hg. What would the pressure be in atm.

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