Smart Home for the elderly – a solution to independent living and healthcare

1. Smart Home for the elderly – a solution to independent living and healthcare Eugene WuPrincipal Engineer and Sr. Quality Consultant, BioTeknica, Inc., Coral Gables, Florida, USA Email: ewu@bioteknica.com METS 2014

2. The Big Picture • Aging Population world wide - nearly 7% of the world’s population is now over 65 years of age. • By 2050, 1 in 5 person in the world will be age 60 or older. • Increasing cost of living - more difficult and costly each year for the elderly. • Challenge - 95 percent of US adults aged 65 and older reside in private households.

3. Cost of Assisted Living National Statistics, Republic of China (Taiwan) http://eng.stat.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=3458&CtNode=1597&mp=5

4. Ambient Assisted Living- Smart Home • Smart Home is a living environment integrated with sensors, wireless networks, and other monitoring devices to a system capable of partially replacing a human caretaker. • Inside a Smart Home, the elderly retain control of their environment and activities to improve their autonomy, health, well-being, and sense of dignity.

5. Components and Infrastructure • Integrated sensors & actuators. • Signal (data) processing and transmitting. • Network. • Monitoring and supporting. • Health professional intervention. http://lifesciences.ieee.org/articles/349-ambient-assisted-living-tools-help-older-adults-live-more-independently

6. Safety Requirements • Fall detection* • Gas and fire hazards prevention • Security * In US, $30 billion per year in medical cost for fall related injury

7. Fall Detection • Posture Recognition - Computer vision fall detection (Yu M. et al., IEEE Trans Inf Technol Biomed. 2012 Nov;16(6):1274-86) • ZigBee - A wireless sensor node worn on the waist continuously detects fall events (Chih-Ning Huang and Chia-Tai Chan Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 4233-4248) • Face Tracking - image processing technique to compare several images for tracking (Philippe Katz, Michael Aron, and Ayman Alfalou, 2013 SPIE) • Video Based - two cameras to determine the direction of the main axis of the body (LykeleHazelho, et al., University of Technology Eindhoven, the Netherlands) • Smart Phone Based - acts like a pocket-sized motion laboratory (Lorenzo Chiari, Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie, 2012)

8. Radio Wave Tracking – MIT WiTrack F. Adib, et al., 3D Tracking via Body Radio Reflections Massachusetts Institute of Technology

9. Network Fire / Security Alarm Systems http://www.mircom.com/smart-home-automation.html

10. Health and Wellness Requirements • Wellness Monitoring • Wearable • Non-wearable • Telemedicine and Telehealth • Medication Compliance • Cognition Simulation, Entertainment, and Social Connectedness • Wander off: GPS Tracking System

11. Wellness Monitoring (1 of 3) • 9Solutions - a bluetoothapplication can save activities, call for help, and send an alarm. • AIQ Smart Clothing - smart textiles for vital sign, skin temperature, skin moisture, and electrophysiological signals monitoring. • Metria Wearable Sensor use skin-friendly adhesive for remote health and wellness, sports and fitness, and cardiac monitoring (available in the U.S.)

12. Wellness Monitoring (2 of 3) • BodyTel Device include a blood glucose meter, a blood pressure meter, and scales with built-in Bluetooth module to inform doctor. • DanfossPolyPower A/S is an electro-active polymer measures human body motions, breathing, swelling, and posture. • Imec's wearable electroencephalography (EEG) headset and EKG patch keep tabs on user’s brain and heart activity.

13. Wellness Monitoring (3 of 3) • Moticon wireless sensor insole can be used in shoes to measure the distribution and motion parameters for patients and athletes. • Nuubo is a new-generation wireless and remote cardiac monitoring platform. • TmG-BMC Muscle Contraction Sensor monitors muscle fatigue for injury prevention and rehabilitation monitoring

14. AMD Global Telemedicine Devices • Reliable medical devices deliver superior quality medical images and data • Devices are standards-based capable of integrating with other third party devices • Devices include: • Examination Cameras • Medical Scopes & Camera/Illumination Systems • Stethoscopes • Vital Signs Monitors • ECGs, Spirometers, and Holters • Retinal Camera • Ultrasound Probes http://www.amdtelemedicine.com/telemedicine-equipment/medical-devices.html

15. Philips Telehealth‎ Patient at Home Philips Secure Data Infrastructure Telehealth Nurse Multi-Disciplinary Care Team

16. Medication: e-pill Dispenser • e-pill Med-O-Wheel SMART Portable Automatic Pill Dipenser (PD2) • Clinically tested, e-pill Med-O-Wheel SMART (SKU 870715) gives the right medication at the right time in the right dose. This is a portable automatic pill dispenser and may be used outside the home. Features a unique 180 minute medication window for each dose (60 minutes silent / 120 minutes alarm - then closed) http://www.epill.com/medowheel.html

17. Cognition Simulation and Entertainment • BrightBrainer™ is a research tool to quantify the levels of Cognitive Deficit and evaluate the effect of bimanual Integrative Cognitive Exercising in individuals with full or partial upper limb mobility. http://brightbrainer.com/the-product/

18. Seniorama Founded in 2009, Softarama Ltd created Seniorama™, an innovative senior-friendly user interface operating system that enables the elderly and the disabled to utilize basic computer applications such as Email, Internet, Photo Gallery, Skype™, and many other applications.

19. Wander off: GPS Tracking System • A real-time tracker devices that provides live locational information for family members to locate their senior. • The devices can transmit alerts to family members if a senior wanders off from any pre-designated safe zones. • A panic button gives the senior the ability to call out for help. http://www.tracking-system.com/for-consumers/gps-elderly-tracking-system.html

20. Current Smart Home Studies - US • MIT’s AgeLab: Focuses on Intelligent Adaptive Devices for Independent Living. • University of Florida “Smart Home”: Comprises a fully furnished living room, kitchen, bedroom and bathroom, with a wide array of experimental assistive-living devices • Aware Home Research Initiative: This is a multi-disciplinary research program at Georgia Institute of Technology that addresses the challenges posed by future domestic technologies. • Duke Smart Home Program: The Duke Smart Home Program is a research-based approach to smart living sponsored by the Pratt School of Engineering. http://www.ict-ageing.eu/?page_id=491

21. Japan • One of the first demonstration homes, the TRON Intelligent House, was established in Nishi Azabu in 1989. • In 2004, Toyota Dream House PAPI was set up, though this house emphasized saving energy and comfort rather than independent living. • Current home networking infrastructure, the “Net Kaden” system (”Kaden” means home electrical appliances), is for electronic control and monitoring of homes through links with mobile phone and high-speed broadband systems. http://www.ict-ageing.eu/?page_id=489

22. Germany • inHaus: Established by the Fraunhofer institute, the inHaus GmbH, and the Ambient Assisted Living GmbH. • SmartHomePaderborn: Initiated by a consortium featuring a number of technology providers, craft businesses, and ICT (Information and Communication Technology) providers. • OFFIS apartment for older people (ideAAL): Has the goal of developing an integrated solution for the ageing society. http://www.ict-ageing.eu/?page_id=489

23. Conclusion • Increasing aging population world wide requires new solutions for senior care. • Increasing cost of living has to be addressed for elderly living. • Majority of the elderly people reside in private households promotes in-house alternative care. • Smart home is an alternative option to traditional assisted living.

25. Q & A Modern technology savvy generation is better prepared to adopt smart home concept