1 / 56

Florida, Tsunamis, and You

Florida, Tsunamis, and You. soo-NAH-mee. The word tsunami is Japanese meaning harbor wave. Daniel Noah Warning Coordination Meteorologist National Weather Service Forecast Office - Ruskin, FL. What is a Tsunami ?.

spiro
Download Presentation

Florida, Tsunamis, and You

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Florida, Tsunamis, and You soo-NAH-mee The word tsunami is Japanese meaning harbor wave Daniel Noah Warning Coordination Meteorologist National Weather Service Forecast Office - Ruskin, FL

  2. What is a Tsunami? • A series of long waves created by a disturbance that displaces a large amount of water. • Primarily associated with earthquakes in oceanic or coastal regions. • Landslides, volcanic eruptions, nuclear explosions, and even impacts from objects from outer space (such as meteorites, asteroids, and comets)

  3. Wind Waves vs. Tsunamis Wind Generated Waves 5-20 seconds betweenwaves 300-600 ft wave length Tsunami Waves 10 minutes to 2 hours between waves Wave length can begreater than 300 miles

  4. What Happens at the Coastline? • May appear as a rapidly rising or falling tide, a series of breaking waves, or even a bore • Strong currents and debris carried by wave add to destructive nature of this inundating flood

  5. Phuket, Thailand Tsunami December 26, 2004 Photos by German Tourist Hellmut Issels

  6. Phuket, Thailand Tsunami December 26, 2004 Photos by German Tourist Hellmut Issels

  7. Phuket, Thailand Tsunami December 26, 2004 Photos by German Tourist Hellmut Issels

  8. Phuket, Thailand Tsunami December 26, 2004 Photos by German Tourist Hellmut Issels

  9. Tsunami Safety

  10. Tsunami SafetyAll Hazards NOAA Weather Radio • Warns of natural and man made hazards • Alerts you even when you’re sleeping • New radios can be programmed just for your county

  11. Tsunami Safety RulesFor those on the beach • If you feel the earth shake, move immediately to higher ground, DO NOT wait for a tsunami warning to be announced. Stay away from rivers and streams that lead to the ocean if there is a tsunami.

  12. Tsunami Safety RulesFor those on the water • Do not return to port when a Tsunami Warning has been issued • Tsunamis can cause dangerous currents in harbors and ports • If you have time, move your vessel to deep water • Contact the harbor authority to verify conditions are safe before returning

  13. Tsunami Safety RulesFor those on land • Evacuate your house if you live in a hurricane storm surge zone Evacuate vertically if you do not have time to leave the surge zone, move to the highest floor or to the roof Follow the advice of local emergency management and law enforcement officials

  14. For More Information http://tsunami.gov

  15. Causes of Tsunamis

  16. Causes of Tsunamis • Usually by earthquakes • Less commonly by landslides (into the water and completely below the water) • Infrequently by volcanic eruptions or explosive decompression of underwater methane deposits • Very rarely by a large meteorite impact in the ocean

  17. Earthquake Threat Blue = Mid-Ocean Ridges Red = Subduction Zone

  18. Earthquakes • Tsunamis are created when: • Seafloor quickly changes shape • Water is displaced • Waves are formed as the displaced water mass tries to move back Anthony Liekens

  19. Tsunami Animation

  20. Tsunami Animation, 12/26/04Earthquake 9.0 on Richter Scale near Sumatra Over 160,000 fatalities

  21. Earthquake & Volcano Threat Earthquakes Active Volcanoes

  22. Tsunami Risk by Region1848-1998 O�Loughlin & Lander

  23. Florida’s Risk of Tsunamis

  24. Tsunami Risk in Florida • Florida’s Atlantic Coast • Puerto Rico Trench • Cumbre Vieja Volcano in Canary Islands • 1755 Lisbon Earthquake • Azores-Gibraltar fracture zone • Florida’s Gulf Coast and Keys • Puerto Rico Trench (minor effect as wave wraps around islands) • Large Meteorite into Gulf of Mexico

  25. Puerto Rico Trench Michael Count

  26. Regional Plate Tectonics Michael Count

  27. Slope Failure in the Trench Michael Count

  28. Cause of 1918 Tsunami Earthquake, 7.5 on Richter Scale Michael Count

  29. Tsunami Propagation 0 min 2 min 6 min 9 min Michael Count

  30. Run-up Values Michael Count

  31. Tsunami Devastation • Report of large withdrawal of water exposing unseen sediment before tsunami struck the shore • Wave run-up of approximately 20 feet • 116 Deaths • Water traveled 100 meters inland in low lying areas, destroying villages and buildings Michael Count

  32. Cumbre Vieja Volcano in Canary Islands Worst case scenario Wave height in meters Benfield Hazard Research Centre of the University College London

  33. 1755 Lisbon Earthquake

  34. Azores-Gibraltar Fracture Zone

  35. Lisbon Tsunami Travel Times • Florida�s Atlantic Coast • �7-8 hour arrival time • �Estimated 7-10 foot • �Waves every 90 min Dr. Charles Mader, http://www.drgeorgepc.com/Tsunami1755Lisbon.html

  36. Tsunamis vs. Rogue Waves

  37. Tsunamis vs. Rogue Waves Rogue waves are different the Tsunamis but the end result is similar. Rogue Wave Characteristics • Unpredictable nature • Little is know about the formation • May be caused by regularly-spaced ocean swells that are magnified by currents or the • atmosphere

  38. Daytona Beach Rogue WaveJuly 3, 1992 at 11:30 PM EDT 10:35 PM EDT 50 MPH wind gust at peakof storm 11:35 PM EDT

  39. Daytona Beach Rogue WaveJuly 3, 1992 • 10 ft rise at the beach at 11:30 PM EDT • 75 minor injuries • About 36 vehicles damaged • Swamped shoreline for 30 miles, worst wasfive miles of shoreline near Daytona Beach

  40. Tampa to Naples Rogue WaveMarch 25, 1995 00 UTC 10 UTC

  41. Tampa to Naples Rogue WaveMarch 25, 1995 • Strong outgoing tide at the mouth of TampaBay before an 11 foot rise around 9 AM EST • Tide was 1 to 4 feet above normal south of Tampa Bay to Naples (124 miles of shoreline) • Carried stingrays and jellyfish on thebeach causing people to flee • Wave broke about 1 mile offshore

  42. How Often Can We Expect Tsunamis & Rogue Waves One or two tsunamis each century along the east coast of the U.S. • � Only one Atlantic-wide Tsunami documented(the 1755 Lisbon earthquake) However, Eastern U.S. has had 40 tsunamis/rogue waves in the last 400 years or an average of one coastal flood event every 10 years Lockridge, Whiteside, and Lander

  43. Tsunamis Detection & Warning

  44. How Do We Detect Tsunamis Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting on Tsunamis DART Buoy

  45. DART Buoy

  46. Proposed DART Buoy Locations

  47. NWS Tsunami Warning Centers • The West Coast and Alaska Tsunami Warning Center in Palmer, Alaska • Alaska south to California� • U.S. Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast • The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Ewa Beach, Hawaii • Hawaii • A national/international warning center for tsunamis that pose a Pacific-wide threat.� • Caribbean

  48. Tsunami Warning ProcessU.S. East Coast & Gulf of Mexico • Interim Method • The Alaska Tsunami Warning Center (ATWC) issues a Tsunami Warning if earthquake 7+ on Richter Scale on/near� a coast • NWS office in Melbourne, FL receives warning via fax and phone call from the ATWC. • NWS Melbourne disseminates warning to coastal NWS Offices via the dedicated Hurricane Hotline • Affected coastal NWS Offices issue a Coastal Flood Warning that triggers • All Hazards NOAA Weather Radios • Emergency Alert System • Statement transmitted over �weather wire� to emergency management officials and the media

  49. Tsunami Warning Statistics�Tsunami Warning Center in Palmer, AK • Warnings are issued within 15 minutes of earthquake and are based solely on seismic data • The average response time was 6.8 minutes in 2003 • Since 1981, 11 regional tsunami warnings have been issued by the WC/ATWC

  50. How can I find out if there is a tsunami warning program in my county?

More Related