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Canada in World War Two

Explore Canada's pivotal role in WW2, from weapons production to soldiers' sacrifices. Learn about significant battles and the impact of enlistment and conscription on Canadians.

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Canada in World War Two

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  1. Canada in World War Two

  2. Weapons and Products • CD Howe – Minister in charge of Munitions (weapons) and Supplies • Businesses told what to produce and when • Total War • Hyde Park Declaration • Agreement with US to exchange goods and increase trade

  3. Money

  4. Soldiers • 1914 – • 3,110 men and a fledgling navy • By 1918 • 620,000 Canadians Fought 1939 •  Army  4,261 (51,000 reserves) •  Air Force 3,100 (270 aircraft, most obsolete •  Navy  1,800 (6 modern destroyers, 4 minesweepers )

  5. Why would Canadians enlist? • -Private’s Pay of $1.30 a day • -Also included $60 a month for dependent spouse and $30 a month for each child • -British ties • -A sense of new-found national pride

  6. Soldiers

  7. Conscription • Mackenzie King did not want because would upset French Canadians • French Canadians would support the war if they were not conscripted • By 1942, Canada does not have enough volunteers • King holds referendum – 70% of Quebecers vote no • “Not necessarily conscription, but conscription if necessary” – Mackenzie King • Finally happens in 1944, 12,000 go overseas

  8. Hong Kong • December 1941 • 1st battle of WW2 involving Canadian Soldiers • 290 killed in Battle, 264 died as POWs • Over 50% killed or wounded – highest casualty rate for Canada in WW2 • Many Canadians unhappy – British Empire and brutal treatment after the battle • Example – field hospital attacked and nurses and wounded soldiers killed

  9. Dieppe

  10. Dieppe • August 1942 • Involved 4000 Canadian troops, 1000 British’ • Complete disaster – 1000 dead • More prisoners than whole of 1944 and 1945 • Lessons learned used for D-Day

  11. The War Turns in Europe - The West • June 1944 – D Day landings launched • Also called Operation Overlord • Allied Forces secure beachheads • Use as base to drive German army back • December 1944 – Reached German/French Border

  12. Ortona • December 1943 • Canada attacks small city in Italy • Cleared the town street by street • Part of squeeze of German forces

  13. Netherlands • Canada’s contribution to the west ward retreat of Germany • Liberated (freed) Holland in May 1945 • Ensured special relationship that still exists

  14. The War ends in Europe • January 1945 – USSR moves in from East, Allies from west • 2 May 1945 – USSR Forces reach Berlin • 8 May 1945 – Germany Surrenders • Known as VE (Victory in Europe) Day

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