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Baltimore LTER. Nutrient and Bacterial Fluxes in Urban Watersheds of the Gwynns Falls, Baltimore, MD. Belt, K. T. 1 , P. M. Groffman 2 , L. Band 3 , N. Law 3 , and G. T. Fisher 4 .
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Baltimore LTER Nutrient and Bacterial Fluxes in Urban Watersheds of the Gwynns Falls, Baltimore, MD. Belt, K. T.1, P. M. Groffman2, L. Band3, N. Law3, and G. T. Fisher4. 1 US Forest Service/Baltimore Ecosystem Study, 2 Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 3 University of North Carolina, 4 US Geological Survey
Urban Forested The Urban Hydrograph
Stream Storm Drain Outfall & Gage 42” 36” Storm Drain Conduits 18” 36” 18” Drainage Boundary Storm Drain Conduit Manhole Access Inlet & Catchbasin
Channel Incision I. Natural Channel with Connected Riparian Zone Stream Water Table II. Channel with Incision Due to Increased Runoff • Channel Erosion • Nonfunctional Floodplain • Dry Riparian Soils
Gravity Sewers… Interwoven with Fluvial Systems Main Line Interceptor Feeder Lines
Sewer Leakage Paths to Streams h Feeder Line Stream Main Sewer Interceptor Pipeline
Civil infrastructure becomes part of the stream system The Urban Hydrologic System Artificial Channels Stormdrains Water Supply Impervious Surface Septic Systems Groundwater Stream Wastewater
McDonogh Weir Rognel Hts Storm Sewer Carroll Park Main Channel
2 3 1 Nitrate In the Urban-Rural Gradient
Pathogens in Urban Watersheds Fecal Coliforms are used as indicators of sewage contamination…but
Glyndon: 80 % of Nitrogen is Missing… Input: Fertilizer, 21.5 23.5 Input: Atmospheric Deposition ? 8.5 Where did it go? Monitoring Station Output: Measured Loads in the Stream 6.5 Kg/ha/yr
Researchers Lawrence Band Ken Belt Mark Colosimo Peter Groffman Neely Law Gary Fisher Institutions IES Forest Service Johns Hopkins UNC NRCS USGS Students/Techs Alex Kalejs Jessica Hopkins Nate Forand Evan Grant Alan Lorefice Steve Kenworthy Alysia Perry Emilie Stander Amanda Thimmayya Ian Yesilonis