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States of Matter

States of Matter. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Electricity, light and sound are NOT matter. Why not?. Solids. Solids. particles can’t flow but they can vibrate have fixed shape and volume cannot be compressed. Liquids. Liquids. particles can move and flow

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States of Matter

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  1. States of Matter Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Electricity, light and sound are NOT matter. Why not?

  2. Solids

  3. Solids • particles can’t flow but they can vibrate • have fixed shape and volume • cannot be compressed

  4. Liquids

  5. Liquids • particles can move and flow • take the shape of their container • have a fixed volume • difficult to compress into a smaller space (shock absorbers in cars contain liquids compressed in tubes)

  6. Gases

  7. Gases • particles behave randomly and are full of energy • will expand to fill up all available space • NO set volume or shape • can be invisible

  8. Gases Gases can be compressed to fit in a smaller space!

  9. States of MatterVolume and Shape

  10. Plasmas 99% of all of the matter in the universe is made of plasma!

  11. Plasmas • created at a very high temperature • made of of freely moving charged particles called ions • ions are atoms that have lost or gained electrons

  12. Plasmas • created by lightning • found in neon lights, televisions, fluorescent bulbs

  13. Solid → Liquid→ Gas→ Plasma

  14. BEC is a Superconductor has no electrical resistance and no magnetic field can carry an electric current forever with no losses of power

  15. FC is a Superfluid have no friction liquid helium in a superfluid phase flows UP and OUT of the container to drip from the bottom

  16. Superfluidfountain

  17. Bose Einstein Condensate

  18. Eric Cornell andCarl Wieman made a BEC in 1995 at the University of Colorado. They won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001.

  19. Absolute Zero Zero Kelvin = -273 ºC = -460 ºF Outer Space = 3 K BEC = 170 billionth of 1 Kelvin At this temperature, atoms clump together to form a “super atom” or “atom blob.”

  20. Fermionic Condensate Created in 2004 by Deborah Jin

  21. More States of Matter? Degenerate matter – created under conditions of extreme pressure Supersolids – solid with superfluid properties String-net liquids – solids with atoms that have electrons that spin in the wrong direction Superglass – superfluid and amorphous solid

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