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Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum

Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum. Sound and Light. Wave Basics. Crest. Line of Equilibrium. Trough. Key Vocab. - Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a wave from equillibrium (height of a wave) - Wavelength: The length of one full wave cycle or repetition

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Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum

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  1. Wave Properties & E-M Spectrum Sound and Light

  2. Wave Basics Crest Line of Equilibrium Trough Key Vocab. -Amplitude: The maximum displacement of a wave from equillibrium (height of a wave) -Wavelength: The length of one full wave cycle or repetition -Period: The amount of time it takes a wave to complete one full cycle -Frequency: The number of wave vibrations/repetitions per second (Hz) -Equilibrium: The resting place of a wave with no disturbance -Crest: The highest point or peak of a wave -Trough: The lowest point or bottom of a wave

  3. Wave Types • A wave is a traveling disturbance that transfers energy. • 2 Types of Waves: • Transverse: side to side wave sending vibration perpendicular to the medium • Longitudinal: push & pull wave sending vibration parallel to the medium Perpendicular Vibration Direction of Energy Parallel Vibration Direction of Energy

  4. Transverse Waves • Transverse Examples:These waves can travel without a MEDIUM! • Ocean Waves  • All Electromagnetic Radiation (comes from sun) • Radio Waves • Microwaves • Infrared (heat waves) • Visible Light • UV Rays • X-rays • Gamma Rays • The only difference between all EM wave types is a change in wavelength, frequency and energy.

  5. E-M Spectrum

  6. E-M Spectrum

  7. Longitudinal Waves • Longitudinal Examples:These waves REQUIRE a MEDIUM to travel! • Sound Waves • Cannot travel in space (no medium/matter) • Change in amplitude = volume • Change in wavelength = pitch

  8. Standing Waves • A wave that remains in constant position. This is also related to the concept of resonance.

  9. Standing Waves • A wave that remains in constant position. This is also related to the concept of resonance. Fundamental Harmonic 2nd Harmonic 3rd Harmonic 4th Harmonic

  10. Standing Waves • Node: quiet part of a standing wave • Anti-node: loud part of a standing wave Node Anti-Node

  11. Frequency Relationships • (velocity of waves) = (wavelength) x (freq.) • As wavelength gets smaller frequency goes up • As wavelength gets bigger frequency goes down • As velocity gets higher, frequency goes up • As velocity gets lower, frequency goes down

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