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Urinalysis

Urinalysis. pH = 4.6 – 8.0. Normal pH is within this range Average = 6. Specific Gravity = 1.003 – 1.035. Normal SG is within this range This is the “density” of the liquid. Water = 1.000 1.003 = dilute 1.035 = concentrated. Urochrome / urobilin.

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Urinalysis

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  1. Urinalysis

  2. pH = 4.6 – 8.0 • Normal pH is within this range • Average = 6

  3. Specific Gravity = 1.003 – 1.035 • Normal SG is within this range • This is the “density” of the liquid. • Water = 1.000 • 1.003 = dilute • 1.035 = concentrated

  4. Urochrome / urobilin Oxidized form of urobilinogen, which is yellow and causes normal urine color

  5. Unorganized Sediments (crystals) Calcium Oxalate Cystine

  6. Unorganized sediments (crystals) Struvite Uric Acid

  7. Renal calculus

  8. Organized sediments

  9. WBCs (pus) An occasional WBC is normal All of these samples are abnormal

  10. RBCs An occasional RBC is normal Both of these samples are abnormal

  11. Epithelial cells Usually normal and come from ureters, bladder, and urethra

  12. Casts Waxy = renal failure Hyaline = usually normal Granular = cause varies

  13. Centrifuge Spins the sample to separate its components

  14. Urine dipsticks Used to detect substances and cellular material in urine samples

  15. Urinometer Determines the specific gravity of urine

  16. Sedi-stain Stains cellular components so they can be easily seen

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