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The Reluctant Empire? U.S. Foreign Relations in the 20th Century

Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg Curt-Engelhorn Chair in American History Prof. Dr. Manfred Berg Winter Term 2008/2009. The Reluctant Empire? U.S. Foreign Relations in the 20th Century. Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg. Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg.

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The Reluctant Empire? U.S. Foreign Relations in the 20th Century

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  1. Ruprecht-Karls-Universität HeidelbergCurt-Engelhorn Chair in American History Prof. Dr. Manfred BergWinter Term 2008/2009 The Reluctant Empire? U.S. Foreign Relations in the 20th Century Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg 1

  2. The Vietnam War • The Origins of American Involvement • The Escalation of the War • The Conduct of the War • In Search of Peace with Honor • The War at Home Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  3. The Domino Theory • “You have a row of dominoes set up. You knock over the first one, and what will happen to the last one is the certainty that it will go over very quickly. So you could have the beginning of a disintegration that would have the most profound influences.” • U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1954 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  4. The Historians’ Vietnam Debate • Quagmire • Flawed Containment • Bureaucratic Blundering • Imperialism Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  5. Ho Chi Minh, 1890-1969 • “The entire Vietnamese people are determined to mobilize all their physical and mental strength, to sacrifice their lives and property in order to safeguard their independence and liberty.” • Vietnamese Declaration of Independence, 1945 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  6. Indochina Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  7. Ngo Dinh Diem, 1901-1963 • Appointed Prime Minister of South Vietnam by Emperor Bảo Đại in 1954 • President Republic of Vietnam, 1955-1963 • Executed during successful coup d'état led by Gen. Dương Văn Minh, Nov. 1, 1963 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  8. Lyndon B. Johnson, 1908-1973 • U.S. Rep., 1937-1949 • U.S. Senator, 1949-1961 • U.S. Vice President, 1961-1963 • U.S. President, 1963-1969 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  9. Gulf of Tonkin Resolution • “The Congress approves and supports the determination of the President, as Commander in Chief, to take all necessary measures to repel any armed attack against the forces of the United States and to prevent further aggression .” • U.S. Congress, August 10, 1964 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  10. Operation Rolling Thunder Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  11. General William Westmoreland, 1914-2005 • Served in U.S. Army from 1936 to 1972 • Deputy Commander of Military Assistance Command, Vietnam (MACV), 1964-1968 • U.S. Army Chief of Staff, 1968-1972 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  12. Robert McNamara, b.1916 • U.S. Sec. of Defense, 1961-1968 • President of the World Bank, 1968-1981 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  13. Search and Destroy Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  14. My Lai, May 1968 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  15. Napalm Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  16. The U.S. military suffers casualties during a VC attack near Tan Son Nhut Airport on January 31, 1968. Two U.S. Marines battle Communist troops inside thewalls of the Citadel at Hue. Tet Offensive, January 1968 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  17. Richard Nixon, 1913-1994 • U.S. Rep., 1947-1950 • U.S. Senator, 1950-1953 • U.S. Vice President , 1953-1961 • U.S. President, 1969-1974 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  18. The Paris Peace Talks • North Vietnamese Diplomat, Le Duc Tho, and then National Security Advisor, Henry Kissinger, meet in Paris, 1973. Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  19. Christmas Bombings, 1972 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  20. Helicopters transport the last remaining U.S. officials and citizens from the roof of the U.S. Embassy, 1975 U.S. soldiers attempt to maintain order at the U.S. Embassy during the evacuation. Saigon, April 1975 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  21. Senator J. William Fulbright, 1905-1995 • U.S. Rep., 1943-1945 • U.S. Senator, 1945-1974 • Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 1959-1974 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  22. Draft Card Burning Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  23. Kent State, May 4, 1970 Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  24. “Hanoi Jane” Fonda Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  25. POW/MIA Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  26. Rambo Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  27. Vietnam Memorial Wall Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  28. Vietnam Heroes Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  29. Vietnam Nurses Memorial Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

  30. No More Vietnams • War Powers Act 1973 • The Vietnam Syndrome • Post Vietnam Strategy: Popular Support Guaranteed Victory Exit Strategy Historisches Seminar der Universität Heidelberg

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