The University of Akron Summit College Business Technology Dept.

1. The University of AkronSummit CollegeBusiness Technology Dept. 2440: 141 Web Site Administration Server Installation Instructor: Enoch E. Damson

2. Prepare the Server for Installation • Production systems use a single-boot system • Only one operating system is on a computer • Educational or training systems usually use multi-boot systems • More than one operating system on a computer • Service packs (Microsoft) or errata (Linux) are useful for operating system improvements and maintenance • Linux errata are usually divided into: security alerts, bug fixes andenhancements Server Installation

3. Prepare the Server for Installation… • Most operating systems are designed to control the master boot record (MBR) • MBR – a sector on the hard disk that contains a boot loader program intended to start the boot process • Linux uses either the GRUB or LILO boot loaders • LILO (LInuxLOader) – • Has no interactive command interface • Does not support booting from a network • Wrong configuration could leave the system unbootable • Because changing the LILO configfile requires the LILO stage one boot loader to be rewritten to the MBR • GRUB (GRnuxUnified Boat Loader) – • Has interactive command interface • Supports booting from a network • Defaults to the GRUB command-line interface, after incorrect configuration Server Installation

4. Prepare the Server for Installation… • For multi-boot systems, you may want to install Windows first before Linux • The Linux boot method will allow both operating systems to coexist on the same hard disk Server Installation

5. Checking Hardware Compatibility • Typically there are fewer problems when using hardware designed for a server from major manufacturers • IDE drives are always compatible • Make sure the latest drivers for SCSI and RAID controllers are available • With video adapters and NICs, it is best to use ones from major vendors Server Installation

6. System Documentation • Should be detailed enough for inexperienced network administrator • System documentation is an ongoing process • Changes occur over the life of the server • These changes need to be documented • Need compatibility information Server Installation

7. System Documentation… • Some hardware information include: • Server manufacturer, including model information • Processor type and speed • Amount of RAM • Drive interface – RAID, SCSI, IDE • Hard disk – size, manufacturer, and model • NIC manufacturer and model Server Installation

8. System Documentation… • Other system information include: • Partition information – number and sizes • Operating system version installed • Latest software patches • Extra drivers needed • URLs for latest drivers Server Installation

9. System Documentation… • Steps for installation including options chosen • Keep documentation, CDs, drivers in a binder • Know support details • Who to call • Contract phone number • Type of support contract • Expiration of contract Server Installation

10. The Installation Process • The Setup program will ask you about your system • You need to know the answers to these questions before you start • Many of the questions are common to all operating systems Server Installation

11. The Installation Process… • Partitioning the Hard Disk: • A partition is a logical division of the hard disk • On Windows systems, you may create a primary partition and an extended partition • Primary partition – where a system boots from • Extended partition – where more drives are added • Gives you more logical drives in Windows • It is best to isolate the operating system from applications • If the application partition fills and the operating system is on the same partition, the OS stops Server Installation

12. The Installation Process… • Linux Partitions: • Six partitions are used for Linux by default • / (root partition) • swap (used for virtual memory) • /boot (boot files – small) • /usr (shared files and programs) • /home (user files and programs) • /var (Web site, FTP, log files) • Just / and swap are required Server Installation

13. Managing Multiple Operating Systems on a Single Computer • Useful for development and training purposes • Best to start with non-partitioned hard disk • Create one partition for each Windows OS • Allow Linux to create default partitions • Install Windows first, then Linux • Linux installation then produces a menu to select Windows Server Installation

14. The Installation Process… • Naming Computers: • Identify a computer on the network • Windows communicates the computer name to other computers on the subnet so it should be unique • Name of computer is not related to how the computer is recognized on the Internet • In Linux, the hostname can exist on more than one computer • It only uses IP addresses for communication Server Installation

15. The Installation Process… • Software Licensing: • Describes how the software can be used • For Windows, usually each installation must be activated by Microsoft • Linux is basically free but there may be a cost for packaging, support, and extras • Based on the GNU general public license • Red Hat has personal, professional, and Advanced Server options Server Installation

16. The Installation Process… • Selecting a File System: • A file system determines how files are stored on a hard disk • Some Windows file systems include: • NTFS • FAT32 • FAT • Some Linux file systems include: • ext4 • ext3 • ext2 • JFS Server Installation

17. Default Operating System File Systems Server Installation

18. Basic Linux Concepts • No drive letters • The root is / • Devices may be mounted before usage • mount /mnt/cdrom • Devices may also be un-mounted before removing them to flush the file buffer files are copied to them • umount /mnt/floppy Server Installation

19. Linux Shell Prompt • Shell – the command-line interface • E.g. sh, bash, csh, tcsh, ksh • Most work is done on Linux at the shell prompt using commands such as the following: Server Installation

20. Configuring TCP/IP on Linux • To determine TCP/IP configuration in Linux, type ifconfig at a shell prompt Server Installation

21. Configuring TCP/IP on Windows • To determine TCP/IP configuration in Windows, type ipconfig at a command prompt Server Installation