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17 SENTENCE PATTERNS. When you write using the 17 sentence patterns, remember to……. Show, don ’ t tell Practice Use strong action verbs EX: Kelly sprinted home. NOT: Kelly went home. Use specific nouns Try to avoid pronouns EX: The warriors fought. NOT: They fought.
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When you write using the 17 sentence patterns, remember to…… • Show, don’t tell • Practice • Use strong action verbs • EX: Kellysprintedhome. • NOT: Kelly went home. • Use specific nouns • Try to avoid pronouns • EX: The warriors fought. • NOT: They fought. • Use words that activate the 5 senses • Avoid linking verbs • EX: Molly is pretty. • Avoid passive voice • Why was the road crossed by the chicken? • The fish was caught by the seagull. • Avoid cliché • Let the cat out of the bag • Hold your horses
Remember…. continued • Capitalize • Punctuate correctly • Always label your patterns • Write legibly • ASK QUESTIONS!
Pattern 1: Noun + Verb (Specific NOUN + Strong Action VERB) • There are 3 ways to do this pattern: • NOUN – VERB • NOUN-VERB-ADVERB (an adverb is word that describes the verb and usually ends in ly) • NOUN – VERB –PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE (a prep. Phrase begins with a preposition) EX: on, under, at, in, above
Pattern 1: Sample Sentences • The computer exploded. • The sewing machine hummed rhythmically. • Her diamond ring sparkled in the light. • My mother snores loudly.
Your turn • Write a sentence about something that happened in school using this pattern. • Noun, verb • Noun, verb, adverb • Noun, verb, prep phrase
Pattern 2: Noun – Verb - Noun • The second noun receives the action. • Eli hugged his brother. (Brother receives the hug.) • Nate slurps the water. (the water is being slurped.) NOT N-V-N • The car crashed into the pole. • Bob hiked up the hill. • Why not?
Pattern 2: Sample Sentences • The car crusher devoured the wrecked cars • Our secretary typed the newsletter. • A bumblebee stung my sister. • The waiter dropped the tray of dishes. • Van Gogh painted sunflowers.
Your turn • Write a sentence about being woken up using that pattern. • The second noun receives the action.
Pattern 3: Interrogative • Interrogative comes from the wordinterrogate, which means to question. • Questions start withwhat, who, which, why, where, when, or how. • Remember to use specific nouns and vivid verbs even when you write a question. • Avoid linking verbs when you can.
Pattern 3: Sample Sentences • What rules do good writers follow to produce good writing? • When will English class end? • How many paintings did Picasso produce during this blue period? • Who drives the red Corvette? • Where did I park the van?
Your turn • Write a sentence using the interrogative pattern.
Pattern 4: Open with an Adverb • Information on adverbs: • Adverbs describe verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. • Adverbs describe how, when, where, or why. • Many adverbs end in –ly. • When you open with an adverb, follow with a comma.
Adverbs of Manner carefullycorrectlyeagerlyeasilyfastloudlypatientlyquicklyquietly Adverbs Adverbs of Time • afteralreadyduringfinallyjustlastlaternextnowrecentlysoonthentomorrowwhenwhile Adverbs of Frequency • alwayseveryneveroftenrarelyseldomsometimesusually Adverbs of Place • abroadanywheredownstairsherehomeinnowhereoutoutsidesomewherethereundergroundupstairs Adverbs of Purpose becausesinceaccidentallyintentionally purposely
Pattern 4: Sample Sentences • Carefully, the doctor removed the splinter from my hand. • Yesterday, the cooks served pizza. • Cautiously, the trick or treaters opened the squeaky door. • Confidently, Jill marched to the podium. • Exuberantly, the crowd roared and thrust their arms into the air.
Your turn • Write a sentence about driving using this pattern. • Start with an adverb • Don’t forget the comma
Pattern 5: Open with a Prepositional Phrase • Information on Prepositional Phrases: • When you open a sentence, the prepositional phrase will be an adverb phrase describing the verb by how, when, where, and why. • DO NOT CONTAIN VERBS. • May or may not need a comma. • A short prepositional phrase does not need a comma. • A long prepositional phrase or 2 prepositional phrases placed together need a comma. • Sometimes you have to make an educated guess.
List of Compound Prepositions • According to • By means to • For the sake of • In consideration of • In respect to • Out of • Along side of • By reason of • In addition to • In opposition with • In spite of • With reference to • Along with • By way of • In accordance with • In front of • Instead of • With regard to • Because of • Contrary to • In case of • In regard to • On account of • With respect to
Pattern 5: Sample Sentences • With total confidence, the guard launched a three pointer to win the game. • In the morning the chef cut the lemons. • In the corner of the classroom, stands the teacher. • On the beach the family enjoyed the morning sun. • Because of the ice storm, Grandpa stayed home.
More Sample Sentences • Underline the prepositional phrase and determine if the sentences need a comma. • Under the desk next to the trashcan my cat naps frequently. • For dinner my mother cooked lasagna. • For dinner tonight my mother cooked lasagna. • In the middle of the night I awoke to a screeching noise. • With great care the mother bandaged the child’s wound.
Your Turn • Write a sentence using the prepositional phrase pattern. Decide if your sentence needs a comma.
Pattern 6: Use an Appositive Information on appositives: • An appositive comes behind the noun it describes • Follows any noun in the sentence, no matter where it’s located • do not have verbs • can have adjectives attached • renames the noun
Pattern 6: Sample Sentences • The singer, a blues crooner, sang at Blueberry Hill. • Many people attended the funeral of Jane Smith, the mayor’s wife. • My mother bought a new outfit, a pair of jean shorts, and a pink T-shirt. • Puck, a mischievous fairy, served Oberon, the king of the fairies.
Pattern 6: Use an Appositive (Continued) Helpful hint: Many adjective clauses can be turned into sentences with appositives. • My brother, who is an airplane pilot, lost his job. • Why does this NOT work? • It has a verb… take that out… • My brother, an airplane pilot, lost his job. • The horse, which is an appaloosa, can jump hurdles. • The horse, an appaloosa, can jump hurdles.
Your turn • Write a sentence using an appositive.
Pattern 7: Using Parallel Structure in Words • Also known as… A LIST! • Why is it called parallel structure then? • All the words in the list need to follow the same form But don’t forget to include….
Pattern 7: Sample Sentences • Terry brought mangos, peaches, and pears from her garden. • Mom bought chips, soda, and hamburgers for the picnic. • Mom bought, packed, and wrapped a frozen pie for the picnic. • She listened, discussed, and made her decision on which college to attend.
Your turn • Write a sentence using the parallel structure pattern.
Pattern 8: Open with an Adjective What’s an adjective? • An adjective describes a noun. • Adjectives tell WHAT KIND, WHICH ONE, HOW MANY, or HOW MUCH. • The opening adjective will always describe“what kind” for this pattern. • Adjectives do not end in “ly”. Information on Pattern 8: • The opening adjective needs to be set off with a comma. • The opening adjective will describe the subject of the sentence if you have written it correctly.
Pattern 8: Sample Sentences • Ecstatic, the audience clapped their hands. • Energetic, the racer crossed the finish line. • Frightened, the puppy hid under the porch. • Cynical, the older man mistrusted the doctor’s diagnosis. • Overconfident, the hare lost the race to the tortoise.
Your turn • Write a sentence opening with an adjective.
Pattern 9: Compound sentence with a coordinating conjunction • Coordinating conjunctions: and yet or but so for nor • You can easily remember them by using FANBOYS. • A compound sentence is made up of 2 complete, related sentences joined together. • needs a comma before the conjunction
Pattern 9: Sample Sentences • I was looking for my white rabbit, but he was hiding under the table. • NOT… • Grandpa left the house, and took his cane. • Why is this wrong??? • No subject in the second sentence • He took is cane.
Your turn • Write a sentence that is actually… 2 complete sentences joined by a comma and coordinating conjunction.
Pattern 10: Compound Sentence with a semi-colon. • A compound sentence: 2 complete, related sentences • The semi-colon connects the two sentences. • DO NOT capitalize the word that comes after the semi-colon.
Pattern 10: Sample Sentences • The tired runner turned the corner; a competitor passed him on the straightaway. • Our baseball team competed in the state tournament; they won the first-round game. • George Washington served as our first president; Abraham Lincoln served as our sixteenth president.
Your turn • Write a sentence that is actually… 2 complete sentences joined by a semi-colon. ;
Sentence Pattern 11 and 12: Open/Close with an Adverb Clause • Information on Adverb Clauses: • Start with a subordinating conjunction • Contain a noun and a verb • #11: Open with an adverb clause: starts with a subordinating conjunction and must use a comma between the two clauses. • #12: Close with an adverb clause: If the subordinating conjunction appears in the middle, you do not need a comma.
Adverb clause… • Adverb clause: • After I fell off my bike, • Now that we reviewed for the test, If left alone, the subordinating clause leaves you thinking… so what happened?? • What happened after you reviewed for the test? • Now that we reviewed for the test, we have a better chance of getting an A.
Pattern 11: Sample Sentencesopen w/ adverb clause • As if he could read the other player’s mind, the guard stole the basketball on the pass. • After the child fell from the boat, the Labrador leaped into the water. • Because they sold their house, my parents lived in a camper for five months until they completed their new house. • Although pizza is my favorite, I decided to order spaghetti. • While my husband watched the football game, I read a book.
Your turn • Write a sentence that starts with an adverb clause. Use a subordinating conjunction:
Pattern 12: Sample Sentencesclose w/ adverb clause • The guard stole the basketball on the pass as if he could read the other player’s mind. • The Labrador leapt into the water after the child fell from the boat. • My parents lived in a camper for five months because they sold their house. • Angela ran faster than Rachel did. • Every afternoon, Andrew stares at the television until his mother arrives home from work.
Your turn • Now switch it to a sentence closing with adverb clause OR create a new sentence ending with an adverb clause.
Pattern 13: Use Parallel Structure in Phrases and Clauses • What’s parallel structure again? • Yes! Using the same form for each word in a list • THIS TIME, you use the same form for the phrases or clauses • …boiled water, cooked pasta, and burned garlic bread… • …Mark spelled the words, Cindy typed them, and Lina printed it…
Pattern 13: Sample Sentences • The Habitat for Humanity volunteers hung sheetrock, painted siding, and poured concrete. • The principal created the rule, the teachers enforced it, and the students complied. • The doctor instructed me to take my medicine in the morning, at lunchtime, and before bedtime.
Unparallel and Parallel StructureCan you fix it? UNPARALLEL • In winter I usually like skiing, sledding, and to skate. • The math teacher asked that we complete our work quickly, accurately, and with careful attention to detail. • Football fans praise a quarterback’s speed, skill, and how agile he is. PARALLEL • In winter I usually like skiing, sledding, and __________. • The math teacher asked that we complete our work quickly, accurately, and ________________. • Football fans praise a quarterback’s speed, skill, and __________________.
