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Ocean Waves and Tides

Ocean Waves and Tides. Waves. A Wave is a rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter or space. In oceans, waves move through seawater. Waves. Caused by : Wind Earthquakes Gravitational force of the Moon and Sun. Parts of a Wave. Crest – highest point of a wave

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Ocean Waves and Tides

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  1. Ocean Waves and Tides

  2. Waves • A Wave is a rhythmicmovement that carries energy through matter or space. • In oceans, waves move through seawater

  3. Waves Caused by: • Wind • Earthquakes • Gravitational force of the Moon and Sun.

  4. Parts of a Wave • Crest – highest point of a wave • Trough – lowest point of a wave • Wave Height – vertical distance between the crest and the trough • Wavelength – horizontal distance between two crests or two troughs

  5. Wavelength Crest Wave Height Still Water Trough Wave Parts

  6. Wave Movement • When a wave passes through the ocean, individual water molecules move up and down but they do not move forward or backward.

  7. How to find the speed of a specific wave Wave length (m) / wave period (s) = wave speed in m/s

  8. Sample problem • If a wave has a wavelength of 10 M and takes 5 sec. to move a specific distance what is the wave speed?

  9. Tide’s • There are 4 tides per day (24 hours) • 2 high tides • 2 low tides • A tide cycle happens approx. every 6 hours

  10. Sample problem • If sandy is at the beach and low tide is coming in at 9:35 AM, when is the next High Tide? Low tide?

  11. Wave Movement • When a wave breaks against the shore, the crest outruns the trough and the crest collapses. • Called a breaker. • In this case, water does move forward and backward.

  12. Waves Caused by Wind • When wind blows across a body of water, friction causes the water to move along with the wind. • Wave Height depends on – • Wind speed • Distance over which the wind blows • Length of time the wind blows

  13. Tides • The rise and fall in sea level is called a tide. • One low-tide/high-tide cycle takes about 12 hrs and 25 min. • Tidal range is the difference in ocean level between high-tide and low-tide

  14. What is the Tidal Range? • HT = 30 ft, LT = 20 ft • HT = 20 ft, LT = 12 ft • HT = 50 ft, LT = 20 ft

  15. Gravitational Effect of the Moon • Two big bulges of water form on the Earth: • one directly under the moon • another on the exact opposite side • As the Earth spins, the bulges follow the moon.

  16. Gravitational Effect of the Sun • Spring Tides • Earth, Moon, and Sun are lined up • High Tides are higher and Low Tides are lower than normal

  17. Gravitational Effect of the Sun • Neap Tides • Earth, Moon, and Sun form right angles • High Tides are lower and Low Tides are higher than normal

  18. HW Page 377. Questions 1-4

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