Year 12 Ancient History

1. Year 12 Ancient History Streetscapes of Pompeii and Herculanuem

2. Streetscape A. This is a view of one of the minor streets in Pompeii. The buildings on the right are the backs of houses. This street is paved with well-laid lava stones and has raised footpaths on each side edged with cut blocks of stone. The absence of wheel ruts suggests this street was closed to wheeled vehicles. Note the modern surface of the footpaths. Streetscapes of Pompeii

3. Streetscape B. This is a view of one of the busier streets of Pompeii showing deep wheel ruts in the lava paving stones. Note the strategically placed stepping-stones, which enabled people to avoid waste water and sewage which ran down the street. Compared to Streetscape A, this image shows many more doorways opening onto the street. The number of each house is clearly displayed. Streetscapes of Pompeii

4. One of the eight gates into the city, the Nucerian Gate is situated in the eastern part of Pompeii, near the amphitheatre. Crowds of people coming into the city for the gladiatorial games would have entered through this gate. Funeral processions leaving the city for the nearby necropolis would also have passed through this gate. This road leads down to a group of more than 40 tombs, which by Roman law, had to be outside the pomerium of the town. Near this gate is an inscription stating that Suedius Clemens, Emperor Vespasian’s envoy to Pompeii, demolished private buildings and tombs, which had been illegally built within the pomerium (pomerium : sacred public land around the perimeter of a town or city). Nucerian gate, Pompeii

5. This modest building has many interesting features. It contains a shop, workshop and courtyard downstairs, and two small flats or apartments upstairs, one accessible from the courtyard, the other accessible from the street. The two families who lived here shared the same cistern. Many of their possessions have been found, including wooden beds, cupboards and household shrines. The house gets its name from the method of construction, opus cratium, which is where a flimsy lattice or trellis framework of wood or reeds is covered with a mixture of rubble, earth and plaster. This cheap method of construction was commonly used for adding upstairs rooms or second storeys, but this is the only known example of the method being used for a whole building. Note the wall of solidified mud at the end of the street and the modern houses above it. House of the Trellis, Herculaneum (also known as House of Craticium)