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Enhancing Child Development through Residential Street Design

Explore how residential street design impacts children's play and development. Discover evaluation strategies and methods to optimize quality and cater to children's needs for exploration and socialization.

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Enhancing Child Development through Residential Street Design

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  1. IAPS 2004 Rethinking Qualities of Children’s Play Areas Toward a Developmental Approach for Evaluating Residential Outdoor Spaces

  2. Research Scope: Free play in outdoor spaces, has a vital role in achievingchild development. Designing residential streets is usually based on intuitive problem solving approach. Research Problem Residential streets are popular places for children free play. Research and evaluation methods for testing qualities of residential streets with respect to children play are very rare. Residential streets have lost their role, children play opportunities are limited to the use of play grounds.

  3. Questions ? • What are the different developmental needs that characteristics of residential streets may serve? • How can the design of residential streets respond to children needs of exploration and socialization? • What are the suitable evaluation strategies and methods for residential streets with respect to child development?

  4. Developing framework for evaluation strategysuitable to test qualitiesof residential streets, with respect to child development … Objectives Identifying aspects incorporatedin the relation betweencharacteristics of residential streetsand child developmental needs …

  5. Methodology A Theoretical Analytical Study to Investigate: Free play child development Child development& built environment How, where, when children playin residential areas Design for child Play in residentialstreets Conceptual model explains the relation between child development and aspects of residential streets Evaluative Framework for testing qualities of residential streetswith respect to child development …

  6. Free Play / Child Development Child Development SensoryMotor Skills GrossMotorSkills Intellectual Skills Free Play Social Skills EmotionalSkills Child Development Free play is central to child development Children learn best through free play Free play fosters all aspects of child development

  7. Free Play Aspects of Free Play / Design Objectives Associated Behavior Creative Self-Initiative Exploration Active Discovery Self-Motivated Cooperation Spontaneous Social-Interaction Non-Directed Initiation Imaginative Involvement Free of Adult Imposed Rules

  8. Child Development & the Built Environment Interaction Child Environment Child Development Social Aspect Cultural Aspect Physical Aspect Interaction Direct Impact • Children read the environment as something to interact with. • Children play, develop, and use the environment in different ways depending on their cultural background and socio-economic status • Ecological conception of children-environment interaction – (Intersection theory of child development).

  9. Design features can have a direct impact on children developmentbut more often, they work in ecological concertwith family systems to affect development …

  10. Where & When ... Children Play in Residential Outdoor Space? Children play: - Where the most activities are occurring - When they are together The busier the street, the more appealing

  11. Where & When ... Children Play in Residential Outdoor Space? Near the entrances of dwellings Children play:

  12. Where & When ... Children Play in Residential Outdoor Space? Children play: When there is a chance for something to happen

  13. Where & When ... Children Play in Residential Outdoor Space? No people to look at No traffic ? NO P L A Y • That is why many playgrounds are unused or under-used • Playgrounds provide only one small part of the total opportunity for free play in residential communities

  14. Designing Livable Streets for Child Development Quality Features of Outdoor Spaces Design Guidelines • Free to explore places without threat of traffic • High level of independent mobility • Sociable in populated places • Children are able to play everywhere loosely and freely • Highly stimulating environment • Opportunities for casual social interaction • Allowing passive watch by adults • Opportunities to get around and to experience life and activities • Decreasing Segregation and isolation from adults life • Allow greatest range of possibilities for skill and knowledge acquisition within variety of modes • Designing for all ages –including the disabled Accessibility Barrier-Free(Walls / Fences) Barrier-Free(Home/School Trip) Variety Form/Color/Texture Complexity Form/Color/Texture Spatial Relationships Clustering of Housing Units

  15. Conceptual Model • Attitudes Toward Street Life • Leisure Time Activities • Feeling of Security • (traffic / strangers) • - Regularity of Outdoor Activities Individual Differences • Families’ Demography • Background • Style of Life • Education • Socio- Economic Status Disabled Intellectual Exploration Discovery Social Interaction Cooperation Involvement Emotional Outdoor Residential Environment Social Variables Social Child Development Child Physical Variables • Dwelling Size • Clustering • Types/ of Outdoor Spaces • Circulation • Spatial Relations • Land-uses Sensori- motor Physical-motor Gender • Accessibility • Barriers (walls/fences) • Complexity & Variety (colors/materials/forms/texture) • Spatial Relations • Natural Elements • Furniture • Equipment Sex

  16. Evaluating Qualities of Residential Outdoor Spaces for Children Development:A Multi-dimensional Approach Questioning Social Aspects Questioning Physical Aspects Questioning Children’s Activities Investigating Qualities of Play Spaces 2. 1. 3. 4. • Family, size, ages? • Previous residence, how long? • Where do you come from? • Leisure time? Where? • Are children allowed to spend time in outdoor spaces? For how long? • Area secured from traffic? Strangers? • Children play with neighbor’s children? • Insist on accompanying your children in outdoor spaces? • Use outdoor spaces in other activities? • When, where? • Identify your trip from home to school? Market? Etc, … • Dwellings size, locations, heights • The relation between housing units & outdoor spaces • Types of housing • Forms of outdoor spaces & scale • Spatial relation • Circulation • Distances from dwelling to school, market places, transportation • Types of materials used • Furniture • Landscape • Natural elements • Land-uses • A. Preliminary investigation • Where children play • How they play • When they play • Who are playing • Play activities • Games • Equipment • Type • Regularity • B. Listing/Classifyingplay activities basedon developmental objectives • C.Identifying playspaces & plan physical aspects • Observing children/ environment interaction • Designing integrative tools • UsersSpace Map • no. • age • gender • adults • Interaction Behavior • Exploration • Cooperation • Social Interaction • Involvement • Designing Elements • Degree of: • Complexity • Variety • Accessibility • Barrier Free Psychologists/Educational Expertise Architects, Planners, Landscapers Sociologist

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