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CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE?

CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE?. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE?. Oceans/Continents. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE?. Oceans/Continents Surplus/Deficit Energy.

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CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE?

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  1. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE?

  2. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE? Oceans/Continents

  3. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE? Oceans/Continents Surplus/Deficit Energy

  4. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE? Oceans/Continents Surplus/Deficit Energy Global Pressure Belts

  5. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE? Oceans/Continents Surplus/Deficit Energy Global Pressure Belts Pressure Gradients

  6. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE? Oceans/Continents Surplus/Deficit Energy Global Pressure Belts Pressure Gradients Coriolis Effect

  7. CAN WE BRING THIS ALL TOGETHER TO EXPLAIN PATTERNS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE? Oceans/Continents Surplus/Deficit Energy Global Pressure Belts Pressure Gradients Coriolis Effect Wind Direction

  8. 90°N OCEAN CONTINENT CONTINENT 90°S

  9. 90°N 45° - 60°N 30°N 0° 30°S 45° - 60°S 90°S

  10. 90°N SURPLUS/ DEFICIT 45° - 60°N 35°N 30°N Surplus 0° 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S 90°S

  11. 90°N SURPLUS/ DEFICIT Deficit 45° - 60°N 35°N 30°N Surplus 0° 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S Deficit 90°S

  12. 90°N PRESSURE BELTS Deficit 45° - 60°N 35°N 30°N Surplus 0° ? 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S Deficit 90°S

  13. 90°N PRESSURE BELTS Deficit 45° - 60°N 35°N ? 30°N Surplus 0° LOW ? 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S Deficit 90°S

  14. PRESSURE BELTS 90°N Deficit ? 45° - 60°N 35°N 30°N HIGH Surplus 0° LOW HIGH 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S ? Deficit 90°S

  15. ? 90°N PRESSURE BELTS Deficit 45° - 60°N LOW 35°N 30°N HIGH Surplus 0° LOW HIGH 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S LOW Deficit ? 90°S

  16. HIGH 90°N Deficit 45° - 60°N LOW 35°N 30°N HIGH Surplus 0° LOW HIGH 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S LOW Deficit 90°S HIGH

  17. 90°N OCEAN/ LAND Deficit 45° - 60°N 35°N 30°N Surplus ? ? ? 0° LOW 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S Deficit 90°S

  18. 90°N OCEAN/ LAND Deficit 45° - 60°N 35°N ? ? ? 30°N HIGH Surplus LOW LOW LOW 0° ? ? ? HIGH 30°S 35°S 45° - 60°S Deficit 90°S

  19. 90°N OCEAN/ LAND Deficit ? ? 45° - 60°N ? LOW 35°N HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH Surplus LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 35°S 45° - 60°S ? ? LOW ? Deficit 90°S

  20. ? ? ? 90°N OCEAN/ LAND Deficit LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N 35°N HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH Surplus LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 35°S 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW Deficit ? ? ? 90°S

  21. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH OCEAN/ LAND Deficit LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N 35°N HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH Surplus LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 35°S 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW Deficit HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  22. Pressure Gradient HIGH HIGH LOW LOW

  23. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH PRESSURE GRADIENT LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  24. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N CORIOLIS EFFECT HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  25. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N Northern Sub-Tropical Anticyclone HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  26. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH PRESSURE GRADIENT LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  27. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N CORIOLIS EFFECT HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  28. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° Southern Sub-Tropical Anticyclone HIGH HIGH HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  29. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH PRESSURE GRADIENT LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH HIGH HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  30. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N CORIOLIS EFFECT HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH HIGH HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  31. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH HIGH HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  32. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH PRESSURE GRADIENT HIGH LOW LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH HIGH HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  33. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N CORIOLIS EFFECT HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH HIGH HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 45° - 60°S LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  34. 90°N HIGH HIGH HIGH Winds blowing represent the advection of energy in the form of Sensible Heat from the zone of Surplus to the zone of Deficit. HIGH LOW LOW LOW LOW 45° - 60°N 35°N HIGH HIGH 30°N HIGH HIGH LOW LOW LOW 0° HIGH HIGH HIGH 30°S HIGH HIGH 35°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW LOW LOW LOW HIGH HIGH HIGH 90°S

  35. 90°N Winds blowing consistently in one direction exert friction on the surface of the oceans and move waters in the same direction. HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  36. 90°N Winds blowing from a position closer to the equator towards one further from the equator transfer warmer water (+ ground heat flux towards the poles. Warm Surface Ocean Currents HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  37. 90°N Winds blowing from a position closer to the equator towards one further from the equator transfer warmer water (+ ground heat flux) towards the poles. Warm Surface Ocean Currents HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  38. 90°N HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N Winds blowing from a position closer to the poles towards one closer to the equator transfer cool water ( - ground heat flux) towards the equator. Cold Surface Ocean Currents 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  39. 90°N HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N Winds blowing from a position closer to the poles towards one closer to the equator transfer cool water ( - ground heat flux) towards the equator. Cold Surface Ocean Currents 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  40. 90°N HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N East Coast of continents 20-40° Warm Surface Ocean Currents 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  41. 90°N HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N West Coast of continents 20-40° Cold Surface Ocean Currents 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  42. 90°N HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N East Coast of continents 50-70° Cold Surface Ocean Currents 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  43. 90°N HIGH LOW 45° - 60°N HIGH 30°N West Coast of continents 50-70° Warm Surface Ocean Currents 0° HIGH HIGH 30°S 45° - 60°S LOW HIGH LOW 90°S

  44. REALITY!

  45. ATLANTIC EAST COAST WEST COAST Europe North America 23.5° Africa 0° South America 23.5° Antarctica

  46. ATLANTIC EAST COAST WEST COAST Gulf Stream Canary Current 0° 23.5°

  47. Fig. 1 Distribution of plastic marine debris collected in 6136 surface plankton net tows on annually repeated cruise tracks from 1986 to 2008 in the western North Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea K. L. Law et al., Science 329, 1185-1188 (2010) Published by AAAS

  48. Fig. 2 Average plastic concentration (color shading, units of pieces km-2) computed in 0.5{degrees} bins and smoothed with a 700-km width Gaussian filter K. L. Law et al., Science 329, 1185-1188 (2010) Published by AAAS

  49. ATLANTIC EAST COAST WEST COAST Gulf Stream Canary Current 0° Brazilian Current Benguela Current

  50. ATLANTIC EAST COAST WEST COAST Labrador/ Greenland Current North Atlantic Drift Gulf Stream Canary Current 0° Brazilian Current Benguela Current

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