1 / 17

SOCIAL ISSUES IN BRAZIL

Explore the complex social landscape of Brazil, focusing on poverty, racial issues, education, and the challenges posed by youth gangs and drug trafficking. Delve into historical roots, current disparities, and efforts towards poverty mitigation and educational reform. Learn about initiatives like 'Bolsa Familia' and examine the country's education system from primary to higher education levels. Gain insights into the future outlook for Brazil’s social issues and the ongoing efforts to address them.

steiger
Download Presentation

SOCIAL ISSUES IN BRAZIL

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. SOCIAL ISSUES IN BRAZIL Steve Blackmon RhoumerDumapat AswinGunasekar Adrian Harb Amrin Malik Sarah Victor

  2. SOCIAL ISSUES IN BRAZIL • Pobreza • Questõesraciais • Gangues/Drogas • Educacao

  3. SOCIAL ISSUES IN BRAZIL • Pobreza (Poverty) • Questõesraciais(Racial Issues) • Gangues/Drogas (Youth gangs and drugs) • Educacao (Education)

  4. RACE & ETHNICITY IN BRAZIL • Indigenous populations: Tupi, Ewe, and Ge • 1500’s: Portuguese Settlers and African populations • Late 1800’s – 1900’s: Italian, Spanish, German, Japanese, Middle East, and Eastern Europe • Sugar cane crops, gold and diamonds = increased slave trafficking • Last country in the Americas to end slavery (1888)

  5. SOCIAL APARTHEID

  6. THE FUTURE

  7. POVERTY • Most visually represented by Favelas • In part attributed to economic inequality • > 50% of population lacks resources for basic survival • Poor segment is 33% of population. Extremely poor is 13% • Richest 10% receive 42% of nation's income • Poorest population receives < 1.2% of nation’s income

  8. GINI COEFFICIENT 0  perfect income equality 1  maximal inequality Gini-coefficient of national income distribution around the world (using 2009 info)

  9. POVERTY MITIGATION & OUTLOOK • Fight extreme poverty and income inequality • Public policies of social intervention • Increased social spending (21.9% in 2005) • Decentralization of social policy • Municipalities share of social spending rose 53.8% from 1980 to 2008 • ‘Zero Hunger’ program • ‘BolsaFamilia’ • Reach social indicators of developed countries by 2016 • Projected poverty rate of 4%

  10. YOUTH GANGS & DRUGS • Drug gangs control majority of favelas around cities. • Gangs recruit children as young as 10 to run/sell drugs. • Kids can earn up to $150/day.

  11. Brazil US

  12. YOUTH PROGRAMS & EDUCATION • Locally/internationally sponsored youth programs are helping break the low poverty/education cycle. • +Oportunidades program is preparing kids for a brighter future through education and training.

  13. REVIEW OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM • Primary Education • Free for all • Most elementary schools maintained by municipalities or the States • Richer cities have better schools due to better tax revenue • Biggest problem is non attendance due to malnutrition, children working and high examination failure rate • Standards falling, middle class turn to private schools further making public schools worse • Official programs that have worked well: BolsaEscola; now rolled into BolsaFamilia,FUNDEF

  14. SECONDARY EDUCATION • Not mandatory in Brazil • Most intermediary schools are maintained by the municipalities and States • Access to University based mainly on merit, measured by performance in ENEM (previously called 'vestibular’) • Private schools prepare students better for University • Students who could afford the best intermediary schools or cursinhos approved into the free public universities • Inherent handicap for poor students

  15. HIGHER EDUCATION • Majority of federal education funds goes towards public universities • Better lobbying power • Public universities are best in quality • Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro • Universidade de São Paulo • Universidade de Brasília • Have funds needed for investments in Medicine and Engineering programs • Private universities offer Human Sciences, Administration, Accounts

  16. OUTLOOK • Some notable successes • 700,000 scholarships for low income students • 180 vocational schools compared to 140 and 93 over that last 2 years • School enrollments climbing, Middle school graduation rate risen from 34% to 47% • Yet, Education - the biggest disadvantage for Brazil compared to China, India & Russia • More than 22 percent of the roughly 25 million workers available to join Brazil’s work force in 2011 were not considered qualified to meet the demands of the labor market • Many parents say, ‘Why should they study if there are no opportunities?’  • ‘Unless that gap is filled soon, Brazil may miss its demographic window over the next two decades in which the economically active population is at its peak’ - World Bank

  17. OBRIGADO!

More Related