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Exploring DSRC Technology: A Comprehensive Overview

DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) is a wireless service designed for intelligent transportation systems, supporting both public safety and private operations. This technology offers high data transfer rates, minimal latency, and prioritizes safety messages. Learn about its spectrum, data rates, QoS challenges, standards, protocols, and potential alternatives.

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Exploring DSRC Technology: A Comprehensive Overview

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  1. Dedicated Short Range Communication

  2. What is DSRC? • A short to medium range communications service • Aimed as a replacement to the 802.11 wireless standards • 802.11 a – Operates at 5 GHz • 802.11 b/g – Operates at 2.4 GHz – Bandwidth of (11 / 52 Mbps respectively) – Interference with Microwave/Bluetooth • Older DSRC systems such as toll tags operate in the 900 MHz spectrum • No standard, several proprietary systems are in place • FCC has authorized 75 MHz of spectrum from 5.850 to 5.925 GHz for DSRC (incl. Canada and Mexico) • Standardization, Interoperability • Europe and Japan use the 5.8 GHz spectrum • European organization – CEN – Different Physical and MAC layer standards • Japan – ARIB T55

  3. DSRC Overview • Supports both Public Safety and Private operations • Both roadside to vehicle and vehicle to vehicle communication environments • Meant to be a complement to cellular communications • provides very high data transfer rates and minimal latency • Range – upto 1000 m • Data Rate – 6 to 27 Mbps • Channels – 7 Licensed Channels

  4. DSRC • Key Issue – QoS – Prioritization of Safety messages • If a neighboring car is in the middle of a streaming movie application, and I need to communicate about an accident, how to prioritize the message? • DSRC has 1 control channel and other service channels. Safety messages are expected to use the control channel

  5. DSRC Overview • ASTM 17.51 – the DSRC Standards Committee • Underlying radio technology for DSRC applications • 802.11a – Originally proposed standard • 802.11p – aka Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (WAVE) • defines enhancements to 802.11 required to support Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) applications • Formal standard is scheduled to be published in Jan 2007

  6. Alternatives to 802.11p • 802.20 - http://www.ieee802.org/20/ • Different Frequency band – 3.5 Ghz • Designed for mobile broadband wireless access systems • Optimized for IP-data transport • Supports mobility upto 250 kmph • Peak data rate per user > 1 Mbps • 802.16 – WiMAX – MAN (Point to Multipoint) • 802.15 – PANs (Bluetooth, ZigBee)

  7. ISO TC204 WG16 CALM M5 Architecture

  8. DSRC Protocol Stack • P1609.1, Resource Manager • P1609.2, Application Services • P1609.3, IP Network Services • P1609.4, Medium Access Control (MAC) Extension Services • [Vehicle Safety Data Dictionary/Message Sets (SAE)]

  9. IEEE P1609.1 Scope • Modified version of the Resource Manager standard originally defined in IEEE Std 1455-1999 • P1609 Resource Manager supports DSRC applications using the IEEE 802.11a communication technology

  10. IEEE P1609.2 Scope • An Application Services (Layer 7) standard for 5.9 GHz DSRC applications • Supports several protocol stacks, including one representing traditional DSRC systems, TCP/IP, and streaming audio/video • Describes interfaces with the lower layer standards being developed by ASTM

  11. IEEE P1609.3 Scope • Defines interfaces between the multiple communication stacks and the lower layer services of ASTM 2213-02 (IEEE 802.11a R/A) • Support multiple protocol stacks, one for the traditional DSRC, one for streaming audio/video, and another for TCP/IP • The North American DSRC Architecture is evolving

  12. IEEE P1609.4 Scope • Standard for the Media Access Control Extension sub-layer (Layer 2) that defines interfaces between these multiple applications and communication stacks that interface with ASTM 2213-02 (IEEE 802.11a) • Interface with the public safety applications community through National Public Safety Telecommunication Council (NPSTC) • NPSTC cooperation is expected to result in potential use of the ITS Radio (DSRC) by ITS and public safety

  13. IEEE DSRC DD/MST • Standardization of the Data Dictionary and Message Set (DD/MS) definitions • DD/MST was present in IEEE Standard 1455-1999, being ported to 5.9 GHz DSRC standards • Auto manufacturers - on-board vehicle safety messages – need for standardization

  14. References • DSRC http://www.leearmstrong.com/DSRC/DSRCHomeset.htm • IEEE 802.11 Task Group status http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/11/Reports/tgp_update.htm • AMI-C http://www.ami-c.org • NPSTC http://www.npstc.org

  15. Brake-light communication system • Related work • Performance Evaluation of Safety Applications over DSRC Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks , VANET 2004. Based on simulations, no real hardware. • Few other papers from PATH, Europe, etc.

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