Exploring Rivers: From Rapids to Deltas

1. Surface Water Chapter 9

2. ________: Rapids Waterfalls Fast-moving water Steep slope _______: Broad floodplain Meanders Oxbow lakes Meander Scars Stream Stages Youthful Old

3. Important Definitions River System • ____________ – a stream and all its tributaries • ________ – a smaller stream that empties into a larger stream • _________ – the land area drained by a river system • ______ – a high point that separates river systems Tributary Watershed Divide

4. Meanders ________ – the bends and curves of a stream

5. Oxbow lake deposition erosion

6. Alluvial Fan ____________ – deposit formed when a stream spreads out onto a less steep area

7. Delta _____ – where a stream empties into a larger body of water

8. Rejuvenation ____________ – when an old age stream downcuts to “make it new again”

9. Stream Load • A stream can carry its load in three different ways: • 1.________ – material is dissolved • 2.__________ – particles are held up by stream’s moving water • 3._________ – material pushed or rolled along the stream’s channel solution suspension bed load

10. Stream Discharge • Discharge is the amount of water that flows past a point in a certain amount of time. • Discharge is dependent upon velocity, depth, and width of the stream. • Discharge = _______ x _____ x _____ velocity depth width

11. Surface Water Review solution, suspension, bed load land area drained by a river system divide

12. Surface Water Review (continued) in the center along the sides and bottom because of the friction with the channel a bend or curve in the stream Maximum on the outside of the meander and minimum on the inside inside of meanders channel