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Discover the fascinating geological history and ecological recovery of Arenal Volcano in Costa Rica and the Ilopango Caldera in El Salvador. Payson Sheets' research uncovers 10 major explosive eruptions in 4000 years, each leaving a distinct soil layer and paving the way for ecologic recovery and human recolonization. Explore the Tronadora Vieja site dating back to 3000 BC and uncover the secrets of Arenal Volcano and the Ilopango Caldera, including the TBJ tephra event in AD 400.
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Arenal’s stratigraphy: 10 major Explosive eruptions in 4000 years, Each with a soil developed On top, with ecologic Recovery and human recolonization.
Tronadora Vieja site. Begins c. 3000 BC. Arenal volcano in distance.
Chalchuapa lake stratigraphy, 1200 BC to Ilopango tephra c AD 400.
Caldera of Lake Ilopango, source Of the TBJ tephra, c. AD 400. San Salvador in background.
Ceren, El Salvador Loma Caldera Ilopango