International Statistics Part 1

1. Crime, Justice & Security Statistics International Statistics Part 1 Produced in Collaboration between World Bank Institute and the Development Data Group (DECDG)

2. Roles played by International and other groups There are three main roles played by groups dealing with international Statistics on Crime and Justice covered in this Module: • Guidelines for collecting statistics and training given in their presentation and use • Requests for statistics on crime and justice to be sent to a central authority • Collections of Comparative statistics in various aspects of Crime and Justice

3. Guidelines for Statistics on Crime, Justice and Security The two main organisations that provide guidelines on this are: • The World Bank, with its programs for Statistical development. • The UNODC with a series of publications giving statistical advice.

4. World Bank – GDDS Summary • From 2004 - 2009 the World Bank ran a program of assistance to English-speaking countries in Africa, called the General Data Dissemination System (GDDS), of which Crime, Justice and Security was a part. • This involved workshops, visits by statistical and IT experts, reports on progress and recommendations for the future. • Its aim was to improve the collection, presentation and use of statistics on crime and justice. • A summary of the final conclusions of this exercise can be found on the web site http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SCBEXTERNAL/Resources/REPORT_Justice_Security_Closing_workshop.pdf

5. GDDS Overall Structure • Four countries completed the program on Crime and Justice: Kenya, Mauritius, Seychelles and Tanzania. • An initial workshop was held in Dar Es Salaam in 2007: a second workshop in Mauritius in 2008 and a final workshop in Mombasa in 2009 • The initial paper for this work was produced in 2007 and can be found on the World Bank web site at http://siteresources.worldbank.org/SCBEXTERNAL/Resources/GDDS2_Reader_Launch_Workshop_Justice_and_Security.PDF • Expert visits were made in between workshops to all four countries.

6. GDDS Outputs • GDDS Phase II ran from 2007 to 2009 and produced a large number of materials. These included reports on the statistical situation in each of the countries: Kenya, Mauritius, Seychelles and Tanzania, as well as to Namibia, which partly completed the programme. • There are also reports of workshops and other material of use to other countries interested in developing their work on Crime and justice statistics. All these materials can be found on The World bank web site at: http://go.worldbank.org/T5GAK79YS0

7. Other World Bank Statistics Initiatives The World Bank has an ongoing set of programs about statistical capacity building in addition to the GDDS program, which may or may not continue: examples are: • STATCAP - a multi-country Statistical Capacity Building Program designed to make it easier for clients to access regular World Bank financing for improving statistical capacity. • The Statistics for Results Facility (SRF) – this is a product of recent global discussions on scaling up support for statistics, • A Trust Fund for Statistical Capacity Building (TFSCB) More detailed information Bank can be found at: http://go.worldbank.org/R2Q4052BB0

8. UNODC Statistical initiatives • UNODC is the United Nations Office on Drugs and crime in Vienna, Austria. • UNODC provides trend and policy analyses and publicizes and disseminates data and information on the global drug and crime scene. • Analytical information about the global drug and crime problems enables the international community to identify drug and crime control priorities. • It has a series of statistical initiatives, that can be seen in summary on their web site at http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data-and-analysis/index.html

9. UNODC Standards and recommendations for crime statistics UNODC has published three manuals for improving crime and justice statistics: • A manual for the development of a system of criminal justice statistics • A manual on conducting victimization surveys (together with UNECE) • A manual for the measurement of juvenile justice indicators (together with UNICEF) Each of these is the result of input by expert statisticians from many countries who have between them many years’ experience of collecting data on crime and justice statistics. Thus they represent the best available knowledge about how to achieve good measure of what is going on in crime and justice area.

10. UNODC manual for the development of a system of criminal justice statistics This can be downloaded in English ( 161 Pages) or French from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/SeriesF/SeriesF_89E.pdf It contains sections on: • Purposes and requirements of criminal justice statistics • Organizational models • Scope and content • Data collection • Processing statistics • Analyzing, evaluating and disseminating statistics • The role of victimization surveys • International collections

11. UNODC Manual for victimization surveys The most recent version (231 pages long) can be found in English and French at http://www.unodc.org/documents/data-and-analysis/Crime-statistics/Manual_on_Victimization_surveys_2009_web.pdf It contains sections on: 1. Introduction to surveys 2. Planning a victimization survey 3. Methodological issues 4. Counting offences and victims 5. Questionnaire design 6. Interviewing 7. Data processing, estimation and analysis 8. Ethical considerations 9. Data dissemination and documentation • Evaluating completed surveys

12. UNODC Manual for victimization surveys (continued) Other aspects covered in this manual, which are useful for developing countries are: • Comments on surveys of business and corruption issues (Appendix B), both issues that are of extreme concern for developing countries wishing to enhance external investment • Lessons gained from the 2007 International study of violence against women, an important issue for developing countries (Appendix C) • An inventory of victimization surveys conducted up to 2005, which lists many lessons for those intending to carry out new victimization surveys (Appendix D) It considers best practice from 56 previous victimization surveys

13. UNODC Manual for measurement of juvenile justice indicators The latest version (126 pages) can be found in English and French at http://www.unodc.org/pdf/criminal_justice/06-55616_ebook.pdf It contains sections on: • Introduction – dealing with the needs for indicators to show standards are being met. • Indicators to be used – these are justified and specified in great dealing, looked at sequentially, including children in pre-trial detention, prison, and working through to independent inspections and aftercare. • Mapping the system – this gives likely sources of data • Methodology – This deals with developing an information strategy and the management structures that will be needed.

14. UNODC ‘Data for Africa’ Program • UNODC started a ‘Data for Africa’ program in 2005 following their report: Crime and Development in Africa. This assists states to generate better on crime, strengthen data collection, analysis and reporting at the national, regional and international level. • UNODC has funded and published results of 14 reports on victim surveys in Africa from this program. • In 2008 UNODC held a meeting in Addis Ababa to progress statistics on crime and justice. As a result of this a virtual group of statistical experts has been set up.