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Strategies to Integrate Case Studies into Health Sciences Courses. Otto Sanchez Faculty, Health Sciences Holly Jones Taggart Faculty, Health Sciences Rachel Hostetler Student, B.Sc.N. program Erin Banit UOIT Multimedia Designer. Outline.
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Strategies toIntegrate Case Studiesinto Health Sciences Courses Otto Sanchez Faculty, Health Sciences Holly Jones Taggart Faculty, Health Sciences Rachel Hostetler Student, B.Sc.N. program Erin Banit UOIT Multimedia Designer
Outline • Guiding principles to integrate case studies into our courses • My experiences with PBL @ McMaster University (1990-2003) • Integrating case studies @ UOIT • Future directions
Our questions about case studies • Why should we use case studies in “basic” science courses for future health professionals? • What formats of integration into our courses can we attempt? • How can we use case studies to evaluate student performance? • Can case studies complement or replace large-group lectures? • Can laptop/wireless technology facilitate or improve the use of case studies as education-enriching tools?
Prime Directive for these courses: Avoid overload!!!
Some skills to develop in these courses (II) “The mind is not a vessel to be filled, but a fire to be ignited!” • Critical thinking • Critical appraisal • Patho-clinical integration Ongoing analysis of contemporary literature, both good and bad How can I use this knowledge in my health profession? Why do I need to know this?
PBL @ McMaster: The theory Anatomy Microbiology PBL Pharmacology Physiology Biochemistry Pathophysiology
PBL @ McMaster: My weekly practice Problem List of questions required to understand & help in this problem Learning objectives Journal club Tutorial [study group]
Case studies @ UOIT Clinical Applications of Pathophysiology Sessions
CAPS @ UOIT Examples: Immunity/Inflammation Two stories about AIDS Pain Endorphins Cancer Breast cancer; Tobacco & health Infectious Diseases SARS Format: Structured Initial history Additional history Physical assessment Diagnostic tests Follow-up Interrupted Open questions during session
Pathophysiology Research Paper Written component (40%) Page 1. Description of Case Study (5%) Page 2. Pathophysiology question 1 (15%) Page 3. Pathophysiology question 2 (15%) Page 4. Clinical relevance (point form) (5%) Oral component (60%) Did you understand what you wrote? Four questions to each student (one per page)
The student perspective… • How do students perform in: Case study-based quizzes? Pathophysiology Research Papers? • What do students think about CAPS?
Future Directions:“Case Integration Triangle” Virtual Clinical Excursions Simulation Environment Simulation Laboratory Online Case Studies Wireless technology Applicable across courses/levels Evaluated as comprehensive examinations at advanced levels
otto.sanchez@uoit.ca Thank you!