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Foundations of American Government and Culture

Explore the key historical events, influential figures, and societal developments shaping early American government, religion, and culture. Learn about the Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, religious revivals, and Enlightenment ideas that laid the groundwork for the American colonies. Gain insights into the plantation system, slavery, education, and the impact of influential thinkers like John Locke and Montesquieu.

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Foundations of American Government and Culture

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  1. Chapter 4: Section 4Government, Religion and Culture • Magna Carta • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TDadMlpR9ys • Protestant Reformation • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gi5qR7tflG0

  2. Glorious Revolution • William and Mary signed English Bill of Rights in 1689 • English Bill of Rights: a. Right to trial by jury b. Rights of the accused c. More Representation in Parliament d. Foundation of Bill of Rights

  3. Freedom of the Press • Right of the press to publish the truth without restriction or penalty • John Peter Zenger

  4. English Colonial Rule • Mercantilism: Making Money • Export: Sell aboard • Import: Buying goods from other countries • Navigation Acts: Must trade with England only • Smuggling: Trading Illegally

  5. Colonial Self-Government • Voting Rights: White, men, owned property. • Make laws to govern over their colonies • King could rule over them because he appointed the royal governors • Giving Englishmen legal rights led the colonists to expect a voice in their government.

  6. Emerging Cultures • Women • Men • Children

  7. --Education • Massachusetts passes first public education law • Literacy: The ability to read and write • Why was the literacy rate higher in New Colonies than the others? • Taught religion too

  8. The Enlightenment • Europe • Knowledge, reason and science could improve society • Spread Ideas

  9. Ben Franklin’s Contribution • Enlightenment Thinker • Interested in Science • Founded a hospital, fire department, first library and a university • Statesman • Published the Pennsylvania Gazette

  10. Plantation System

  11. Growth of Slavery • Growth of the planation system led to the need for labors. • Middle Passage is part of “triangular trade”

  12. Middle Passage ship below deck

  13. Roots of American Literature • Phillis Wheatly: African American slave who learned to read and write: Page 120 • A famous poet of 1750’s

  14. Religion in the Colonies • The Great Awakening: Religious revival which spread religion and formed many new churches, especially in the backcountry. • Led to more tolerance of religion in the colonies • Spread information

  15. John Locke • 1690 he published Two Treatises on Government. In this book he stated that people have certain natural rights,: inalienable rights, meaning that they cannot be taken away. These rights belong to every human being from birth. These rights include life, liberty, and property

  16. Montesquieu • Baron de Montesquieu 1748 • Published a book arguing that the powers of government should be clearly defined and limited • He favored Separation of Powers or division of power of government into separate branches

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