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Normalcy Speculation Buy on margin Installment buying Laissez faire Great Migration Demographics Per capital income Harlem Renaissance fundamentalism. Average income per person What is usual/normal Risk-taking for profit Hands off approach to economy
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Normalcy Speculation Buy on margin Installment buying Laissez faire Great Migration Demographics Per capital income Harlem Renaissance fundamentalism Average income per person What is usual/normal Risk-taking for profit Hands off approach to economy Period of African American artistic expression wave of immigrants to cities Statistics on population Christian religious movement Borrowing money to buy stocks Paying for an item over time Do Now: Roaring 20’s Vocabulary Quiz
THE ROARING TWENTIES CHAPTER OBJECTIVES: • Red Scare • Nativism • Economic Boom & Bust • Isolationism • Changes in society • Cultural Conflict
Sacco & Vanzetti Trial • Gunmen robbed and killed a guard and paymaster at a shoe factory. • Two Italian immigrants were arrested in connection with the crime. • Both were carrying guns, one was the same model as the murder weapon. • Many suspected that they were accused because they were immigrants. • Ultimately, both men were convicted and electrocuted.
CORRUPTION One official had stolen government funds Others took bribes for help in getting contracts approved or laws passed Harding regularly held Poker parties in the basement of the White House and served bootlegged alcohol TEAPOT DOME Secretary of Interior, Albert Fall, secretly gave oil drilling rights on government land to 2 private companies in return for illegal payments and gifts No direct evidence that Harding knew or was involved in the scandal SCANDALS
Laissez Faire “The business of the American people is business” The government should not interfere with the growth of business This policy fueled the economic boom of the 1920’s Some viewed the policy as a failure to take action Kellogg-Briand Pact Coolidge continued the isolationist policies of Harding Under the pact, 15 nations agreed not to use threat of war to settle difference. A good idea, but not realistic because it had no provision for enforcement The Coolidge Presidency
A BUSINESS BOOM CAUSES OF THE CONSUMER ECONOMY: depends on a large amount of buying • Installment plan: lets consumers make partial payments over a period of time • Electric power: increased demand for new household appliances • Assembly line: reduced the time to produce goods and increased that amount of goods available for purchase
Society in the 1920’s:Women • Flapper: young, bold, rebellious woman of the 20’s • Single women began working until marriage • Although women could vote, they seldom did and did not change politics
HARLEM RENAISSANCE Harlem Renaissance: African American literary awakening; wrote about African American culture and heritage Lost Generation: group of writers who were lost in a greedy, materialistic world that lacked values
CULTURE AND CONFLICT:PROHIBITION Bootleggers: suppliers of illegal alcohol Speakeasies: illegal bars Growth of organized crime: began as efficient organizations that controlled the distribution of alcohol. Later expanded into gambling, prostitution, and racketeering.
CULTURE & CONFLICT:RELIGION • Clash between traditionalists and fundamentalism challenged beliefs: • Science and technology in everyday life • Modern society caused people to question existence of God • Scholars cited contradictions in history and the bible SCOPES TRIAL: brought the conflict to Court over issue of teaching evolution in school
CULTURE AND CONFLICT:RACIAL TENSIONS • The Great Migration caused tension in Northern cities between whites & blacks. • By 1924, KKK membership had grown to 4 million. • KKK was no longer a southern organization • In 1925, the violence diminished when the head of the Indiana Klan was imprisoned for life
CULTURE & CONFLICT:FIGHTING DISCRIMINATION • NAACP: National Association for the Advancement of Colored People • Marcus Garvey: dreamed of a new homeland where African Americans can live in peace • UNIA: Universal Negro Improvement Association sought to build up African American self-respect and economic power • Urged African Americans to return to Africa