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Comprehensive Final Review

This review covers the cell theory, different tissue types, the integumentary system, skeletal tissues, joints, the muscular system, and fundamentals of the nervous system. It includes information on their components, characteristics, and functions.

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Comprehensive Final Review

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  1. Comprehensive Final Review • The Cell, Tissues, The Integumentary System, Skeletal Tissues, Joints, The Muscular System, and Fundamentals of the Nervous System.

  2. The Cell • Cell Theory • 3 components of a cell • The Plasma Membrane • Cytoplasmic Organelles • The Nucleus • Cell Cycle • Protein Synthesis

  3. Tissues • Levels of Organization • 4 tissue types • muscle tissue • 3 types • nervous tissue • connective tissue • connective tissue proper • osseus tissue, cartilage, blood • epithelial tissue • stratified/simple squamos, cuboidal, columnar, pseudo stratified. • gland classification

  4. Tissues • Characteristics of each type of tissue, and each subtype of tissue. • location examples found in the book • connective tissue fiber/cell types

  5. The Integumentary System • Components of the Skin • epidermis • stratum basale • stratum spinosum • stratum granulosum • stratum corneum • dermis • papillary layer • reticular layer • (hypodermis)

  6. The Integumentary System • Characteristics of each layer of the skin • Appendages of the skin • Hair and hair follicles • Hair thinning and baldness pg 159

  7. The Integumentary System • Sweat Glands • Eccrine • Apocrine • Sebaceous oil glands • Structure • Sebum

  8. Integumentary System • Functions of the integumentary system • Protection (bhemical, physical, biological) • Temp regulation • Metabolic functions • Blood Resevoir • Excretion

  9. The Integumentary System • 3 Types of Skin Cancer

  10. Skeletal Tissue • Classification of bones • Bone Structure • Membranes • Location of Hematopoetic Tissue • Cells of bone Tissue (pg. 179-181)

  11. Skeletal Tissue • Compact Bone • Haversion System/Osteon • Spongy Bone • Organic components • Inorganic Components • Formation of the Bony Skeleton • Growth of length of long bones • Growth of Width

  12. Skeletal Tissue • Bone Remodeling (pg 187-189) • bone deposit • bone resorption • control of remodeling • hormonal controls • response to mechanical stress

  13. Skeletal Tissue • Fractures (pg. 190-191) • Bone Repair

  14. Joints • Structural and Functional Classifications of Joints • General Structure of Synovial Joints and functions of their components • Factors influencing stability • Non axial, uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial • Gliding, Angular Movements • Types of Synovial Joints

  15. Joints • Selected Articulations • Knee Joint • Glenohumeral Joint • elbow joint • Coxal Joint • TMJ

  16. Joints • Arthritis

  17. Muscle Tissue • Types of Muscle Tissue • 4 special characteristics • Muscle functions pg 277-288

  18. Muscle tissue • Gross Anatomy (pg. 278) • Microscopic Anatomy Pg. 279-282 • Sliding filament model of contraction • Physiology of muscle fibers 285-293 • Cross Bridge Cycling, Motor unit, Muscle Twitch, graded muscle responses 293-296 • Isotonic and Isometric Contractions • Muscle Metabolism Pathways • Force of Contraction pg 301-302 • Muscle fiber type

  19. Fundamentals of the Nervous system • 3 Primary Functions • Divisions • Neuroglia • Neuron structure and function • Myelin • Structural and Functional classification of Neurons (pg.393-394

  20. Fundamentals of the Nervous system • Membrane Ion channels (chemically, voltage, mechanically gated) • The Resting Membrane Potential (pg 397 • Depolarization, Hyperpolarization, threshold • Graded Potentials

  21. Good Luck Everyone • Post comments or email me with questions • tlohman@llu.edu • 949-246-5357

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