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THE FIRST WORLD WAR

THE FIRST WORLD WAR. 1914-1918. CAUSES OF THE WAR. Historians have traditionally cited four long-term causes of the First World War MILITARISM – The growth of nationalism and imperialism led to increased military spending ALLIANCE SYSTEM – By 1907 Europe was divided into two armed camps

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THE FIRST WORLD WAR

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  1. THE FIRST WORLD WAR 1914-1918

  2. CAUSES OF THE WAR • Historians have traditionally cited four long-term causes of the First World War • MILITARISM – The growth of nationalism and imperialism led to increased military spending • ALLIANCE SYSTEM – By 1907 Europe was divided into two armed camps • IMPERIALISM– Economic and political control over weaker nations • NATIONALISM – a devotion to the interests and culture of one’s nation M.A.I.N.

  3. MILITARISM • European countries increased military spending enormously in the late 19th and early 20th century • By 1890 the strongest nation militarily in Europe was Germany • Germany had a strong army and built up a navy to rival England’s fleet • France, Italy, Japan and the United States quickly joined in the naval buildup • clip

  4. Two major defense alliances in Europe • The Triple Entente, later known as the Allies, consisted of France, Britain, and Russia • The Triple Alliance, later known as the Central Powers, consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire (Italy-later switched sides) ALLIANCE SYSTEM TRIPLE ENTETE FRANCE BRITAIN RUSSIA

  5. IMPERIALISM • For many centuries, European nations built empires • Colonies supplied European nations with raw materials and provided markets • As Germany industrialized it competed directly with France and Britain • Major European countries also competed for land in Africa Remember this?

  6. NATIONALISM • Often nationalism led to rivalries and conflicts • Balkan crisis • Ethnic groups resented domination by others and wanted independence (Southern Slavs) • Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia • Angers Serbia (only independent country in Balkans) • Leads to assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand clip

  7. THE SPARK: AN ASSASSINATION • The Balkan region was considered “the powder keg of Europe” • Russiawanted access to the Mediterranean Sea • Germany wanted a rail link to the Ottoman Empire • Austria-Hungary, which had taken control of Bosnia in 1878, accused Serbia of subverting its rule over Bosnia • Finally, in June of 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austrian throne was gunned down by a Serbia radical igniting a diplomatic crisis The Archduke is assassinated in Sarajevo in June 1914 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hE8552joxfE&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active Black Hand

  8. Allies Russia, France, Great Britain, Serbia WWI Central Powers Austria Hungary, Germany Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Assassination of Ferdinand Powder Keg of WWI

  9. Closure3-2-1 • 3- Causes of WWI (explain how it caused the war) • 2- Name the countries that made up the Allied Powers (Triple Entente) and Central Powers (Triple Alliance). • 1- Individual who was assassinated in Sarajevo-sparked the war.

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