Scope, Objectives and Agenda

1. Dr Ala AlwanAssistant Director-GeneralNoncommunicable Diseases and Mental HealthWorld Health Organization Scope, Objectives and Agenda

2. Noncommunicable Diseases and Injuries Magnitude • Four major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs): • Cardiovascular diseases • Diabetes • Cancers • Chronic respiratory diseases • Four shared modifiable risk factors: • Tobacco use • Unhealthy diet • Physical inactivity • Harmful use of alcohol • 60% of deaths globally – 70% if injuries are included -80% in developing countries • 40-50% are premature • Magnitude has a major socio-economic impact on developing countries • NCDs and injuries are still excluded from global discussions on development

3. Injuries • Cause 10% of all deaths and 16% of all disability • Road traffic crashes alone are the leading cause of death for young people aged 10-24 years

4. Global Risk Assessment 2009World Economic Forum Oil and gas price spike Retrenchment from globalization Asset price collapse NCDs Fiscal crisis Flu pandemic Food crisis http://www.weforum.org/pdf/globalrisk/globalrisks09/global_risks_2009.pdf Infectious disease

5. Noncommunicable Diseases & InjuriesProjected global deaths (2030) Cancers Ischaemic heart disease Stroke www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/2004_report_update/en/index.html Acute respiratoryinfections Road trafficaccidents Perinatal HIV/AIDS TB Malaria

6. Noncommunicable DiseasesDeath trends (2015) www.who.int/chp/chronic_disease_report/media/impact/en/index.html WHO projects that over the next 10 years, the largest increase in deaths from cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease and diabetes will occur in low- and middle-income countries.

7. Noncommunicable DiseasesThe poorest people in developing countries are the ones who smoke the most Source: World Health Survey 2006 Range: from Q1 = poorest quintile to Q5 = Highest income quintile

8. Noncommunicable DiseasesMacro-economic impact (WHO Chronic Disease Report, 2005) WHO: "Heart disease, stroke and diabetes alone are estimated to reduce GDP between 1 to 5% per year in developing countries experiencing rapid economic growth"

9. Noncommunicable DiseasesThe vicious cycle of poverty and NCDs

10. NCDs are emerging as a serious threat to Arab countries and are undermining development

11. Noncommunicable DiseasesMagnitude in the Middle East • Total deaths: 4.3 million • Noncommunicable conditions: 50% • Communicable diseases*: 39% • Injuries: 11% Diabetes (2%) Neuropsychiatric disorders (2%) Digestive diseases (4%) Cardiovascular diseases (27%) Intentional injuries (4%) Respiratory diseases (4%) Malignant neoplasms (7%) www.who.int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates_regional/en/index.html Unintentional injuries (7%) Infectious and parasitic diseases (17%) Perinatal conditions (10%) Respiratory infections (10%) * Including maternal and perinatal conditions and nutritional deficiencies

12. Top-10 countries in diabetes prevalence in the world(2007)

13. NCDs and injuries are preventable We know what works We have cost-effective interventions: • Tobacco control interventions • Measures to improve healthy dietary and physical activity patterns • Early detection and effective treatment of cancer • Treatment of hypertension, diabetes • Treatment of heart disease and stroke • Intersectoral injury prevention measures

14. The global response to address noncommunicable diseases

15. 2008-2013 Action Plan for the Global StrategySix Objectives of the Action Plan 1. Integrating NCD prevention into the development agenda, and into policies across all government departments 2. Establishing/strengthening national policies and programmes 3. Reducing/preventing risk factors 4. Prioritizing research on prevention and health care 5. Strengthening partnerships 6. Monitoring NCD trends and assessing progress made at country level Under each of the 6 objectives, there are sets of actions for member states, WHO Secretariat and international partners.

16. Noncommunicable DiseasesThe NCD gap in the development agenda(Health ODA* Commitments 2006 by major subsector) US$ Billions * ODA = Official Development Assistance provided by 24 OECD/DAC donor countries, as well as the EC Total = $20.9 billion

17. President of the 61st World Health Assembly … … MDGs … failed to identify noncommunicable conditions, in spite of the fact that these diseases account for fully 70% of the global mortality… most of the morbidity and mortality caused are preventable … a serious omission … I propose we seriously consider an MDG+, which would set goals for the NCCs, as we have done for other … challenges.

18. Global NCD Action Plan 2008-2013Milestones Objective 1: To raise the priority accorded to noncommunicable diseases in development work at global and national level • Regional Ministerial Meeting on Health Literacy (Beijing, 29-30 April 2009) • Regional Ministerial Meeting on NCDs, Poverty and Development (Qatar, 10-11 May 2009) • ECOSOC High Level Segment on Global Health (Geneva, 6-8 July 2009)

19. What do we want to achieve from this meeting? • Review the magnitude and trends of NCDs and injuries with special emphasis on socio-economic impact • Discuss successful approaches and interventions to address NCDs and injuries and identify cost-effective measures to improve access of the poor and vulnerable populations to proper health care • Discuss ways and means of integrating the prevention of NCDs and injuries into national, regional and global development initiatives

20. What do we want to achieve from this meeting?... • Recommend key actions for countries to incorporate NCD prevention into poverty reduction strategies and relevant social and economic policies • Recommend mechanisms to involve all government departments to ensure that NCD and injury prevention receives a cross-sectoral response A Call for action by the international community and development agencies to respond to the needs of countries in scaling up action against NCDs and injuries