Strategy to Prevent Air Pollution from Open Burning of Domestic Waste in Indonesia

1. Strategy to Prevent Air Pollution from Open Burning of Domestic Waste in Indonesia Mohammad HELMY Assistant Deputy Minister for SMEs and Domestic Waste Pollution Control

2. Contents : • Current Situation of MSW Management • Measures for Establishing the 3R – based Society  by law : stop open burning • Good Environmental Governance • Clean & Green City • Community Empowerment

3. 0.7 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.4 3.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2 Major Cities in Indonesia Generate 10 million tons of domestic solid waste/year • End of Pipe Approach  Open Dumping • Domestic Waste  Local Government Authority

4. Domestic Waste Problems • Only a view local government have MSW Strategy • Lack of awareness (NIMBY) • Limited budget for handling domestic solid waste, which cause: • Lack of investment • Lack of operational and maintenance  open dumping • Barrier for increasing quality and quantity in sanitary services • Inhibit for Local government to develop a proper final disposal • End of Pipe VS 3R Principle

5. Paper Others Drainage Street Compostable 13% 6% Wood, 0% 6% Organic bamboo Public Matter 3% Facilities Households 65% Fabric 5% 48% 1% Industries Rubber/ 1% Leather Offices 1% 1% Plastic 11% Metal Commercial 1% 9% Sand, Ceramic, ash Markets 1% 24% Glass 1% Other 3% Source: Ministry of Public Work, Indonesia, 1989 Domestic Waste Composition Waste Composition From Particular Sources Waste Composition

6. Domestic Waste Collecting (40.09%) Transporting to legal & illegal dump site Buried (7.54%) Recycling (1,61%) : composting reuse/recycling Open Burning (35.49%) • River • Street • Park • others Generated Waste Others (15.27 %) Source : National Statistic Agency-2001

7. Measures for Establishing the Recycling-Based Society in Indonesia Reduced, Reused & Recycled Approaches to Establishing the Recycling-based Society (Framework for Action) Law / Regulation Incentive Education & Campaign • Environmental Law • Solid Waste Management Law (on process/draft) Clean & Green City Program Formal Education Eco Label Capacity Building • Government Regulation: • Hazardous waste • EIA • Water Quality & Pollution Ctrl Free Custom and Tax Holiday Public Campaign Soft loan etc • Technical Guidelines • Standard Subsidy for Local Gov’t

8. National Policies to Implement the 3R • Vision and Strategies • Vision • Promoting the 3R initiative for enhancing MSW & Industrial Solid Waste Management • Strategies • Awareness Campaign, Education and Participation • Promoting and Embracing Sectors and Local Governments • Incentive approach: Award, Rating, Financial • Capacity Building : SMES and Local Government • R&D • Law & Regulation Development

9. Framework for The 3R Implementation • Regulation • Draft of Domestic Solid Waste Management Act (3R & EPR), • Revision on Environmental Management Act No. 23/97 (End of pipe  3R) • Target 3R in 2010, 2015 and 2020 • Incentive mechanism (Funding Mechanism from central to local government, Composting Incentive Program - GEF) • Public Participation • Capacity Building (Local Government, MSMES and Community) • Development of 3R measurements • Enhancing R & D

10. The Law of Municipal Solid Waste (draft) • End Of Pipe • Collecting • Transporting • Dumping • 3R : • Reduce • Reuse • Recycle • & • EPR : • Extended • Producers • Responsibility • To reduce MSW volume • To save transportation cost • To mitigate social conflict • To ensure environmental sustainability Business as Usual New Life Style

11. MSW Management Act (draft) MSW = Residue of human daily activities and/or of nature processes Sisa kegiatan sehari-hari manusia dan / atau dari proses alam yang berbentuk padat. OBJECTIVE • To reduce MSW generation • MSW Management (segregation, collection, transportation, and process in the Final Disposal ) • Towards healthy & clean environment

12. MSW Management Act (draft) Government Regulation (draft) • Prohibition : • open burning • illegal dumping • etc

13. Flow of MSW Management Implementation in Bandung City 100% Target Line of Garbage Volume 80-90% 60-70% 20-40% 50-60% Sources (Houses, Market, Office, Terminal, etc.) TPS (Temporary treatment site) Small cluster TPA (Final Treatment) TPS (Temporary treatment site) City Zones • Community/sources based management  Reduce, segregation, composting, recycle • Incentive from local government, to SMEs • No service no money, no waste no charge • Solid waste management by local government (note: subject to cooperate with private sector) • Segregation • Composting • Recycle • Incinerator  energy • Sanitary Landfill  Methane capture and energy • (CDM)

14. Good Environmental Governance Clean & Green City Civil Society PROGRAM MASYARAKAT CAPACITY BUILDING Main Activities COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT • Local Gov’t • Province • City • District • Community • Parliament • Business • NGO/CBO • Academia • ETC TARGET GROUP

15. P r o g r a m A D I P U R A • Purpose: • to encourage local governments towards Clean and Green Citiesthrough the implementation of good environmental governance(Focus, accountability, Public Disclosure and Reward and Punishment) : • Focus : • Clean Land & • Greening Activities  City forest, City park, Green belt alongside the street , etc. • Next year  Blue Sky Program MoE

16. Cooperation among Stakeholders • Main Strategy using incentive mechanism and Promoting champions on 3R initiatives at community level • Competition on 3R for Woman Group, Youth, and student • Encourage and creating conducive environment for 3R local Initiatives • Surabaya, Jakarta, Bali, etc • Public Private Partnership  Green Cities Green Communities, Energy Globe (CSR/CDP) • Education and Campaign • Information sharing on technologies and best practice

17. Target Group on Public Empowerment Activitiesunder “Warga Madani Program” YOUTH GROUP • High School Students • Recycling student competition, field tour, etc • University students • Seminar, workshop, field tour, etc PROFESSIONAL GROUP • Teacher • Create environmental science into formal education curriculum • Artists • Environmental Edutainment

18. Go Green School ProgramA Competition to establish environmentally sounds school • Aims : To establish model of school that has commitment and program that internalize environmental aspects in all school managements and activities. • Expected outputs: • Development of environmentally sound curricula and school management • Development of community based education • Increase the physical environment around the school area and neighborhood. • Involving Parties Ministry of Environment, Department of Education, KEHATI Foundation (Environmental NGO), CBE (Education NGO), Coca Cola (donor agency) • Step of Activities: • The best four schools are chosen base on their proposal and funds are given. • Implementation of program • Monitoring and Evaluation • Publication

19. Competition of 3R product for school children • Joint program Ministry of Environment, KPAI (NGO) and Tetra Pack (donor agency) • Competition held in Aceh and Jakarta • Participants are junior high school student • Award by the Minister of Environment on the World Environmental Day – 5 June.

20. Target Group on Public Empowerment Activitiesunder “Warga Madani Program” WOMAN GROUP • Expanding network with major woman’s groups • Establishing Indonesian Women Alliance for Sustainable Development (IWASD) • Activities : • CIE (Communication, Information and Education) : environmental issues through leaflet, competition, workshop etc. • Local Actions such as: • Community Campaign in 3R program • Planting tree • Public campaign and deliver petition on global issues :saving ozon layer etc.

21. A better environment will be started from your hand. Start implement 3R by yourself, right here, right now. Thank You