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Rigging Fundamentals for Moving Large and Heavy Loads

Learn about the fundamentals of rigging for moving large and heavy loads in the manufacturing and construction industries. This course covers safety issues, OSHA regulations, equipment standards, and the roles of designated, competent, and qualified personnel.

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Rigging Fundamentals for Moving Large and Heavy Loads

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  1. Moving large, heavy loads is crucial to today's manufacturing and construction industries. Much technology has been developed for these operations, including careful training and extensive workplace precautions. There are significant safety issues to be considered, both for the operators of the diverse "lifting" devices, and for workers in proximity to them.

  2. RIGGING fundamentals Presented By:HENNEPIN TECHNICAL College in partnership with Federal OSHA Susan Harwood Grant This material was produced under Grant # SH-19496-09-60-F-27 from the OSHA, U.S. Dept of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Dept of Labor, nor does mentioning of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

  3. Course Introduction • Instructor(s) • Classroom • Restrooms • Emergency Exits • Breaks • Introduction to TurningPoint

  4. TurningPoint

  5. R _ G _ I _ G • N I G • E J W • I B B • C E X

  6. RiggingFundamentals

  7. Rigging Fundamentals Why are we here?

  8. Why Are We Here? • Crane and Rigging Accidents • An annual average of 22 construction workers were killed in crane-related incidents from 1992 to 2006, according to The Center for Construction Research and Training. • OSHA regulations and standards • Because we care about you, your co-workers, and your families. • Everyone is entitled to go home from work, EVERY DAY!

  9. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) • Code of Federal Regulations (29 CFR): • General Duty Clause: • (a) Each employer • (1) shall furnish to each of his employees employment and a place of employment which are free from recognized hazards that are causing or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to his employees; • (2) shall comply with occupational safety and health standards promulgated under this Act.

  10. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) • Code of Federal Regulations (29 CFR): • General Duty Clause: • (b) Each employee shall comply with occupational safety and health standards and all rules, regulations, and orders issued pursuant to this Act which are applicable to his own actions and conduct.

  11. 29 CFR Occupational Safety and Health Regulations (OSHA Standards) 1910; Occupational Safety and Health Standards 1926; Safety and Health Regulations for Construction Subpart N: Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Elevators, and Conveyors 1926.251 - Rigging equipment for material handling. 1926.550 - Cranes and derricks. • Subpart N: Materials Handling and Storage • 1910.179 - Overhead and gantry cranes. • 1910.180 - Crawler locomotive and truck cranes. • 1910.184 - Slings.

  12. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) • Standards • B30.9: Slings • B30.10: Hooks • B30.16: Overhead Hoist Underhung • B30.20: Below the Hook Lifters • B30.21: Lever Hoist • B30.26: Rigging Hardware

  13. Rigging Fundamentals Definition of Terms

  14. Overhead lifting refers to an object raised more than six feet above the ground. • True • False

  15. Overhead Lifting • “Process of lifting that would elevate a freely suspended load to such a position that dropping a load would present a possibility of bodily injury or property damage.”

  16. Working Load Limit (W.L.L.) • The MAXIMUM load that shall be applied in direct tension to undamaged straight length of a sling or hoisting equipment

  17. The Working Load Limit [WLL] is ____ of the rigging equipment. • Less than the breaking strength • Equal to the breaking strength • Greater than the breaking strength

  18. Design Factor • A ratio of the breaking strength to the working load limit • Example: If a chain sling has a breaking strength of 28,400# and a W.L.L. of 7,100#; it would have a design factor of 4:1

  19. Design Factor

  20. Elongation • The ability of a piece of load bearing material to permanently increase in length before it fails or breaks • Expressed as a percentage of increase over its original length

  21. Reach • The distance measured from the top of the master link to the bowl of the load hook.

  22. Sling Hitches • Vertical

  23. Sling Hitches • Vertical • Choker

  24. Sling Hitches • Vertical • Choker • Basket

  25. Who Are These People? • Designated person • Competent person • Qualified person

  26. OSHA Says… • The term "designated" personnel means selected or assigned by the employer or the employer's representative as being qualified to perform specific duties.

  27. OSHA Says… Competent Person Qualified Person 29 CFR 1926.32(l) states: "Qualified" means one who, by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training and experience, has successfully demonstrated his ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the work, or the project. • 29 CFR 1926.32(f) states: "Competent person" means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions, which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.

  28. Unattended • A condition in which the operator of a hoist is NOT at, or within 26 feet of, the operating control devices. • OSHA 1910.179(n)(3)(x).

  29. “HOIST” hoist  (hoist) v.hoist·ed, hoist·ing, hoists 1. To raise or haul up with or as if with the help of a mechanical apparatus. 2. To raise to one's mouth in order to drink: hoist a few beers.

  30. Regardless of The Load You Hoist…

  31. …Or What You Hoist It With…

  32. …The Objective is to Hoist It Safely. HOISTSAFE

  33. HOISTSAFE

  34. HOISTSAFE

  35. Determining Load Weight • Actual or calculated weight of object or materials being lifted • Include weight of rigging equipment and hardware How HEAVY is the load?

  36. Determining Load Weight • Actual weight obtained from engineering data, shipping papers, catalogs. • Calculated weight based on common materials. • Volume of object • Weight of material • Reduced for air (voids) How HEAVY is the load?

  37. Determining Load Weight

  38. Worksheet Problem #1 • 800# • 2,400# • 4,800# • 12,800#

  39. Worksheet Problem #1 • 4’ x 4’ x 16’ = 256 cubic feet • Wood weighs 50 pounds per cubic foot • 256 c.f. x 50#/c.f. = 12,800#

  40. Worksheet Problem #2 • 1,415# • 3,150# • 9,900# • 39,565#

  41. Worksheet Problem #2 • Outside Diameter • 3.14 x (4 x 4 x 12) / 4 • 150.72 Cu. Ft. • Inside Diameter • 3.14 x (3 x 3 x 12) / 4 • 84.78 Cu. Ft. • Total Volume • 65.94 Cu. Ft. • 66 cubic feet of concrete • 150 pounds per cubic foot • 66 x 150 • TOTAL WEIGHT • 9,900 pounds

  42. Worksheet Problem #3 • 120# • 140# • 240# • 480#

  43. Worksheet Problem #3 • 4’ x 3’ = 12 square feet • ½” steel plate = 20 lbs/sq. ft. • 12 s.f. x 20 lbs/sq. ft. = 240#

  44. Determining Load Weight • Known • Data plate • Engineering specifications • Shipping papers • “Tribal Knowledge” • Estimated • Volume of object • Density of materials • Adjusted for voids (air) How HEAVY is the load?

  45. HOISTSAFE

  46. HOISTSAFE CRANE OPERATING CAPACITY What are the OPERATING LIMITATIONS of the crane and rigging?

  47. Crane Operating Capacity • Manufacturer's operating notes supplied with the machine contain important information concerning load handling capacities of cranes. • Mistakes in calculating capacity can cause accidents. • Several factors to be considered when calculating a cranes load capacity, including the following: What are the OPERATING LIMITATIONS of the crane and rigging?

  48. Crane Operating Capacity • Load Radius: the horizontal distance between the center of the crane rotation to center of the load.    • Boom length: including the jib, swing away extension or any other attachments that may increase length of the boom. • Quadrant of operation: the area of operation that the lift is being made in; note different quadrants usually have lower lifting capacities.    What are the OPERATING LIMITATIONS of the crane and rigging?

  49. Crane Operating Capacity • Boom angle: the angle formed between the horizontal plane of rotation and center line of the boom.  • Weight of any attachments: jib, lattice extension or auxiliary boom point. • Weight of handling devices: ball, block, and/or any necessary rigging. What are the OPERATING LIMITATIONS of the crane and rigging?

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