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Formulas

Formulas. Objective 4 TEK 7 The student knows relationships exist between properties of matter and its components. (D) Relate the chemical behavior of an element including bonding, to its placement on the periodic table. I should have paid more attention to my teacher!!!! TAKS was important.

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Formulas

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  1. Formulas

  2. Objective 4TEK 7 The student knows relationships exist between properties of matter and its components.(D) Relate the chemical behavior of an element including bonding, to its placement on the periodic table. I should have paid more attention to my teacher!!!! TAKS was important. Cool!

  3. Ions • Cation: A positive ion • Mg2+, NH4+ • Anion: A negative ion • Cl-, SO42- • Ionic Bonding: Force of attraction between oppositely charged ions.

  4. Predicting Ionic Charges Group (IA) 1: Lose 1 electron to form 1+ ions H+ Li+ Na+ K+

  5. Predicting Ionic Charges Group (IIA)2: Loses 2 electrons to form 2+ ions Mg2+ Be2+ Ca2+ Sr2+ Ba2+

  6. Predicting Ionic Charges Group (IIIA) 13: B3+ Al3+ Ga3+ Loses 3 electrons to form 3+ ions

  7. Predicting Ionic Charges Group (IVA) 14: ManyGroup IVA (14) elements rarely form ions. Lose 4 electrons or gain 4 electrons?

  8. Predicting Ionic Charges Nitride N3- Group (VA) 15: Gains 3 electrons to form 3- ions Phosphide P3- Arsenide As3-

  9. Predicting Ionic Charges Oxide O2- Group (VIA) 16: Sulfide S2- Gains 2 electrons to form 2- ions Selenide Se2-

  10. Predicting Ionic Charges Fluoride Bromide F1- Br1- Group (VIIA) 17: Gains 1 electron to form 1- ions Chloride Iodide Cl1- I1-

  11. Predicting Ionic Charges Group (VIIIA) 18: Stable Noble gases do not form ions!

  12. Predicting Ionic Charges Groups 3 - 12: Many transition elements have more than one possible oxidation state. Roman numerals are used to indicate the oxidation state Iron(II) =Fe2+ Iron(III) =Fe3+

  13. Predicting Ionic Charges Some transition elements have only one possible oxidation state. Groups 3 - 12: Zinc =Zn2+ Silver = Ag+

  14. Writing Ionic Compound Formulas Example: Iron(III) with chloride 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. Fe3+ Cl- 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! Fe3+ Cl- 4. Name the ions 3 Balanced! Iron(III) chloride

  15. Example: Barium with nitrate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. Ba2+ NO3- 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! ( ) Ba2+ NO3- 4. Name the ions 2 Barium nitrate Balanced!

  16. Your Turn! Example: Ammonium with sulfate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! NH4+ SO42- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! ( ) NH4+ SO42- 4. Name the ions 2 Ammonium sulfate

  17. Example: Aluminum with sulfide 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. S2- Al3+ 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! 4. Name the ions S2- Al3+ 3 2 Aluminum sulfide

  18. Example: Magnesium with carbonate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! Mg2+ CO32- 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. 4. Name the ions They are balanced! Magnesium carbonate

  19. Example: Zinc with hydroxide 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. Zn2+ OH- 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! ( ) 4. Name the ions Zn2+ OH- 2 Zinc hydroxide

  20. Example: Calcium with phosphate 1. Write the formulas for the cation and anion, including CHARGES! 2. Check to see if charges are balanced. Ca2+ PO43- 3. Balance charges , if necessary, using subscripts. Use parentheses if you need more than one of a polyatomic ion. Not balanced! 4. Name the ions ( ) Ca2+ PO43- Calcium phosphate 3 2

  21. Chemical Formulas and Chemical Compounds Heart cell rhythm depends on the opening and closing of a complex series of valves on the cell membrane, called ion channels. Some valves let certain ions like potassium (K+) flow out, others let different ions like sodium (Na+) flow in. There are also pumps that actively move ions one direction or another.

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