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Overview

Overview. What is SQL Server? Creating databases Administration Security Backup. What is SQL Server?. Database management software Own file structure Own logins Own security Access through 2 main ways: Query Analyzer Enterprise Manager. What is SQL Server?. Consists of 3 Services:

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Overview

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  1. Overview • What is SQL Server? • Creating databases • Administration • Security • Backup

  2. What is SQL Server? • Database management software • Own file structure • Own logins • Own security • Access through 2 main ways: • Query Analyzer • Enterprise Manager

  3. What is SQL Server? • Consists of 3 Services: • MSSQLServer • Data & query processing • SQL Server Agent • Scheduled jobs & alerts • Microsoft Distributed Transaction Coordinator • Handles data from multiple sources

  4. Logging In • Windows NT Authentication • SQL Server Authentication

  5. Query Analyzer • Command-based interface • Complete access to SQL Server • Useful for creating scripts

  6. Enterprise Manager • Graphical User Interface • Often more intuitive • Easier to visualize

  7. Viewing Available Databases • Query Analyzer • Execute sp_helpdb system stored procedure

  8. Viewing Available Databases • Enterprise Manager • Expand Databases folder

  9. Creating a Database • Enterprise Manager • Right-click Database folder • Select New Database…

  10. Demonstration • Creating medical database • Set growth and file size options

  11. Transaction Log • Records data modifications • Rolls forward completed transactions • Rolls back incomplete transactions

  12. Data Types • At least 25 data types • char, int, float • uniqueidentifier, datetime, image • Can define own data types

  13. User-Defined Data Types • Based on existing data types • Created with sp_addtype system stored procedure

  14. Creating Tables • Query Analyzer

  15. Creating Tables • Enterprise Manager • Right-click Tables • Click New Table…

  16. Creating Tables • Enterprise Manager (cont.) • Choose name

  17. Creating Tables • Enterprise Manager (cont.) • Create columns

  18. Demonstration • Creating tables for medical database • Product • Patient • Usage

  19. Constraints • Maintain data integrity • Domain Integrity • Entity Integrity • Referential Integrity

  20. Constraints (cont.) • Primary Key • Entity Integrity • Foreign Key • Referential Integrity • CHECK Constraint • Domain Integrity

  21. Add Primary Key • Query Analyzer

  22. Add Primary Key • Enterprise Manager • Right-click column of interest • Set Primary Key

  23. Add Foreign Keys • Query Analyzer

  24. Add CHECK • Query Analyzer

  25. View Constraints • Query Analyzer • Execute sp_helpconstraint system stored procedure

  26. Rules • Specify allowed values for columns • Example • Allowed states: PA, WV, OH

  27. Creating Rules • Query Analyzer • Create rule with CREATE RULE statement • Bind rule with sp_bindrule system stored procedure • Unbind with sp_unbindrule

  28. Create Rules • Enterprise Manager • Input only rule name and definition

  29. Create Rules • Enterprise Manager (cont.) • Bind rule • Open rule properties

  30. Creating Rules • Enterprise Manager (cont.) • Bind Rule (cont.) • Click Bind Columns… on Rule Properties • Select table and column

  31. Inserting Data • Query Analyzer • Use INSERT statement

  32. Inserting Data • Enterprise Manager • Right-click table name • Select Open Table ► Return all rows

  33. Inserting Data • Enterprise Manager (cont.) • Type values as needed

  34. Stored Procedures • Collection of SQL statements • Can accept variables • Can be used for security • Users can be granted right to use stored procedure, even if they do not have access to underlying tables

  35. Creating Stored Procedures • Query Analyzer • Use CREATE PROCEDURE statement • Define variables as @variable_name

  36. Using Stored Procedures • Use EXEC procedure_name • Pass values by reference or position

  37. Transactions • Process statements as a group • Must be committed • “All-or-nothing” – All statements are committed or none are • If interrupted, transaction is rolled back automatically

  38. Transactions • Query Analyzer • Use BEGIN TRANSACTION and COMMIT TRANSACTION statements • Use ROLLBACK TRANSACTION to cancel

  39. Transaction Example • Committed transaction • Rolled back transaction • Interrupted transaction

  40. Views • Specify how data is seen • Focus data • Security • Grant permissions on Views

  41. Creating Views • Query Analyzer • Use CREATE VIEW statement

  42. Creating Views • Enterprise Manager • Add tables

  43. Views • Enterprise Manager (cont.) • Select column names • Enter Aliases

  44. Security • User Management • Roles • Logins • Users • Program Security

  45. Roles • Operations that members of role can perform • Users are assigned roles

  46. Creating Roles • Type Role name • Select Standard Role

  47. Creating Roles • Open Role properties • Click Permissions button

  48. Creating Roles • Set allowed actions • Table actions • Allowed Views • Allowed Stored Procedures

  49. Logins • Allow users to log in to SQL Server • Defined under Security folder

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