Chapter 24

1. Chapter 24 Organizations, Acts, & Administrations Flash Cards

2. Emergency Committee for Unemployment --Established by Herbert Hoover in October of 1930 in order to coordinate voluntary relief efforts

3. -Hoover convinced nation’s largest banks to establish this corporation in 1931 to help hard-pressed smaller banks make business loans National Credit Corporation

4. -Congress established this in 1932, with Hoover’s recommendation, to make loans to major economic institutions such as banks and insurance companies. By July, it had pumped $1.2 billion into the economy. Congress authorized it to grant $2 billion to state and local governments for job-creating public works programs and allocated $750 million for loans to businesses Reconstruction Finance Corporation

5. -Boycott movement organized by mid-western farmers in 1931, tried to force prices up by withholding grain and livestock from the market Farmers’ Holiday Association

6. -After the bank holiday, allowed healthy banks to reopen, set up procedures for managing failed banks, increased government oversight of banking, and required banks to separate savings deposits from investment funds Emergency Banking Act

7. -Established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, prohibited banks sales of securities, and gave tighter regulations of national banks to the Federal Reserve System Glass-Steagall Act of 1933

8. -Helped city dwellers refinance their mortgages; by mid 1930s, had refinanced nearly 20% of urban homes in country Home Owners Loan Corporation

9. -Provided loans to rural Americans to meet their farm payments Farm Credit Administration

10. -Employed jobless youth in government projects such as reforestation, park maintenance, and erosion control; combined work relief with environmental programs; by 1935 half a million young men earning $35 a month in CCC camps Civilian Conservation Corps

11. -Principle relief measure of the Hundred Days; appropriated $500 million for state and local relief agencies that had exhausted their funds; headed by Harry Hopkins Federal Emergency Relief Act

12. -Set up a program by which farmers received subsidies for limiting production of hogs, wheat, corn, cotton, and dairy; financed by a tax on grain mills/food processors; Agricultural Adjustment Administration supervised this program Agricultural Adjustment Act of May 1933

13. -Appropriated $3.3 billion for heavy-duty public works programs to provide jobs and stimulate the economy; formed the Public Works Administration headed by Harold Ickes; set up National Recovery Administration National Industrial Recovery Act

14. -Brought business leaders together to draft codes of “fair competition” and set production limits, prescribed wages, set working conditions, and forbade price cutting; aim was to break cycle of wage cuts and layoffs; headed by Hugh Johnson National Recovery Administration

15. -Required corporation to inform the Federal Trade Commission of all stock offerings and made executives personally liable for any misrepresentations; Congress curbed purchase of stock on credit and passed Securities and Exchange Commission to enforce new regulations Federal Securities Act

16. -Most innovative long-range recovery program of Hundred Days; origins in WW1 when gov built hydroelectric station on Tennessee River in Alabama; led by David Lilienthal, provided electricity to poverty-stricken regions Tennessee Valley Authority

17. -Emerged in Arkansas in 1934, led by Socialist party Southern Tenant Farmers’ Union

18. -In 1933, Roosevelt appointed Hopkins to head this agency to provide direct federal relief; spent nearly a billion dollars on short-term projects for jobless; abolished after winter Civil Works Administration

19. -Passed in April of 1935 while unemployment still high; $5 billion dollars Emergency Relief Appropriations Act

20. -Headed by Harry Hopkins, funneled assistance directly to individuals; employed over 8 million Americans, pumped $11 billion into economy, improved 650,000 miles of roads, repaired 124,000 bridges, and erected 125,000 schools, hospitals, and post offices Works Progress Administration

21. -Employed jobless authors to produce state guides and histories of ethnic and immigrant groups Federal Writers Project

22. -Allowed unemployed musicians to give free concerts; by 1938, 30 million Americans had attended an FMP concert Federal Music Project

23. -Employed actors; Living Newspaper criticized as New Deal propaganda, The Cradle Will Rock was cancelled by officials, toured small towns and gave many Americans 1st taste of theatre Federal Theatre Project

24. -Directed by Rexford Tugwell, made loans to help tenant farmers buy their own farms and to enable sharecroppers and dust-bowl migrants to move to more productive areas Resettlement Administration

25. -Started in 1935, made low-interest loans to utility companies and farmer cooperatives to extend electricity to 90% of rural America; By 1941, 40% of U.S. farms had power Rural Electrification Administration

26. -1935 Guaranteed collective-bargaining rights, permitted closed shops (employees must join union), outlawed management blacklisting, and created National Labor Relations Board to supervise shop elections National Labor Relations Act/Wagner Act

27. -Strengthened the Federal Reserve Board’s control over the nation’s financial system Banking Act

28. -Restricted gas and electric companies to one geographic region; targeted the sprawling public utility companies of the 1920s Public Utilities Holding Company Act

29. -Raised taxes on corporations and well-to-do to a maximum of 75% on incomes above $5 million; contained some loopholes Wealth Tax Act

30. -Maybe most important of New Deal laws for long-range significance; drafted by Frances Perkins; established pensions and unemployment insurance, survivors’ benefits for victims of industrial accidents, and aid for the disabled and dependent mothers with children Social Security Act of 1935

31. -Restricted grazing on public lands Taylor Grazing Act of 1934

32. -Facilitated state and regional management of natural resources, including water, soil, timber, and minerals National Planning Board of 1934/ National Resources Planning Board

33. -Halted the sale of tribal lands and enabled tribes to regain title to unallocated lands; Congress scaled back Collier’s proposals for tribal self-gov and renewed traditional culture; majority tribes approve, Navajo says no Indian Reorganization Act of 1934

34. -Created Farm Security Administration, giving low-interest loans to tenant farmers and sharecroppers to buy family-size farms; lent more than one billion through 1941 Farm Tenancy Act of 1937

35. -Appropriated $500 million for urban slum clearance and public housing Housing Act of 1937

36. -Banned child labor, set national minimum wage (40 cents/hr), and undermined competitive edge of the South Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

37. -Set new procedures for limiting production of basic commodities; created mechanism by which gov would make loans to farmers and warehouse surplus crops Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938

38. -Forbade federal employees from participating in electoral campaigns 1939 Hatch Act

39. The End • How many were you able to correctly identify? • If you didn’t do so well, consider going through again