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Organization of the Periodic Table. Groups. By Ms Dobbs. Group 18 = Noble gases. also know as inert gases very unreactive -- No known stable compounds have been produced from He, Ne, Ar. Xe Kr, and Rn have extremely low reactively , and will form compounds under extreme conditions.
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Organization of the Periodic Table Groups By Ms Dobbs
Group 18 = Noble gases • also know as inert gases • very unreactive -- No known stable compounds have been produced from He, Ne, Ar. Xe Kr, and Rn have extremely low reactively , and will form compounds under extreme conditions. • 8 electrons in the outer most energy levels (filled s and p orbital)
Noble Gases • Because of this e- configuration, noble gases are very stable and resist combining with other elements. • Other elements gain or lose e- to achieve electron configuration like the noble gases. • Noble gases are used in signs (Ne, Ar) and balloons (He). • Rn is the only radioactive gas at room T/P.
Group 1 = Alkali Metals • Name comes from the Arabic work al-qali meaning ashes because it was discovered these elements make alkali (basic) solutions. • Very reactive metals • Will react with oxygen in air and must be stored in jars of oil or kerosene. • Very soft and can be cut with a knife
Alkali Metals • Have one electron in the outermost electron energy level (s) • This electron configuration is what makes the metals so reactive. • Are good conductors of electricity.
Group 2=Alkaline Earth Metals • Tend to be harder, denser, stronger, and have high melting points than group 1 • Reactive but not has reactive as alkali metals • have 2 electrons in outermost electron energy level (s)
Alkaline Earth Metals • This electron configuration is what makes this group reactive. • Conduct electricity
Groups 3-12=Transition Elements • All are considered metals • Are harder, denser, and have higher melting points than Groups 1 and 2 • Hg is the exception • These will conduct electricity.
Group 17 = Halogens • Most are gases • very reactive • will combine with group 1 elements very readily • 7 electrons in their outermost electron energy level (s and p)
Halogens • This electron configuration is what makes the elements reactive. • Halogens do not conduct electricity.
Groups 1,2,13-18 = Main Block Elements • These represent a wide range of chemical and physical prop. • Si and O account for 4 out of 5 atoms on Earth’s surface.
Lanthanide Series • Elements 57 thorough 71. • These are shiny, reactive, metals. • These have electrons in the 4f orbital.
Actinide Series • Elements 89 through 103 • All have an unstable arrangement of protons and neutrons • This makes them radioactive
Hydrogen: group unto itself • Most common element in the universe • Behaves like no other element • will react with just about any other element • rarely found uncombined
