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Recent Studies of Urban Air Pollution over the Greater Beijing Area

Recent Studies of Urban Air Pollution over the Greater Beijing Area. Meigen ZHANG (State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) March 10, 2003. Basic Information.

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Recent Studies of Urban Air Pollution over the Greater Beijing Area

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  1. Recent Studies of Urban Air Pollution over the Greater Beijing Area Meigen ZHANG (State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) March 10, 2003

  2. Basic Information • 13.8 million residents in 16807 km2 • 27 million tons of Coal / yr • 2 million tons of low S coal • 700 million m3 of natural gas • 1.849 million vehicles in Aug. 2002 (1.31million in 1998) • Sand storms in spring

  3. Heating season Yearly average No heating season Spike: 1987,1992 and 1997 Emission control: 1998-- Yearly average concentrations of SO2 in the suburb of Beijing in the period of 1984-2000

  4. Daily average concentrations of SO2 in the suburb of Beijing in the period of 1997.01-2001.02 1. Seasonal variation 2. Effect of SO2 emission control

  5. Heating season Yearly average No heating season Fast increase after 1989 Emission control: 1998- Yearly average concentrations of NOx in the suburb of Beijing in the period of 1981-2000

  6. Daily average concentrations of NOx in the suburb of Beijing in the year of 2001 NO2/NOx ~ 1

  7. Yearly average Heating season No heating season Yearly average concentrations of TSP in the suburb of Beijing in the period of 1981-2000

  8. Daily average concentrations of TSP in the suburb of Beijing in the period of 1997.01-2001.06 (unit: mg/m3)

  9. Chemical composition of TSP sampled in a park in Beijing during the period from June 23 to July 3 of 2000

  10. Daily average concentrations of PM10 in the suburb of Beijing in the period of 1999.01-2001.06 (unit: mg/m3)

  11. PM10/TSP is higher in the period of May ~ October than in other time Daily average concentrations of TSP and PM10 and their ratios in the suburb of Beijing in the period of 1999.01-2001.06

  12. The ratios of SO42-, NO3-,NH4+,OC and EC > 0.5 Ca, Al and Fe < 0.5 The ratios of chemical composition in PM2.5 and PM10 in Beijing in 2000

  13. Chemical compositions of PM2.5 in the winter and summer of Beijing 1999, 6, 13-14 118.19 ug/m3 Pollution caused by organic compounds becomes severe

  14. PM2.5 and its chemical compositions Dongsi and PKU sites, January 20, 2000 Dong Si 55 ug/m3 Peking Univ. 66 ug/m3 Pollution caused by organic compounds becomes severe

  15. Days (left plot) and hours (right plot) of O3 concentrations exceeding air quality standard II in a year in Beijing during 1989-2000

  16. Observed maximum O3 concentrations in Beijing during 1989-2000

  17. Observed O3 mixing ratios in the summer of 2000

  18. National Air Quality Standards in China

  19. Thank you!

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