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The Respiratory System

Human Biology. The Respiratory System. Organs of the Respiratory system. Nose Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs – alveoli. Conducting pathways. Gas exchange. Gas exchange between the blood and external environment Exchange of gasses takes place within the lungs in the alveoli

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The Respiratory System

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  1. Human Biology The Respiratory System

  2. Organs of the Respiratory system • Nose • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Bronchi • Lungs – alveoli Conducting pathways Gas exchange

  3. Gas exchange between the blood and external environment • Exchange of gasses takes place within the lungs in the alveoli • Conducting Passageways: purify, warm, and humidify the incoming air Function of the Respiratory System

  4. The nose and nasal passage way contain lots of veins very close to their surface. • Warms air entering body • Also has sticky mucous layer that traps debris and bacteria Nasal cavity Nose and Nasal Cavity

  5. Muscular passage from nasal cavity to larynx • Common passageways for air and food Pharynx (Throat) Phayrnx

  6. Routes air and food into proper channels • Plays a role in speech • Made of eight rigid hyaline cartilages and a spoon-shaped flap of elastic cartilage (epiglottis) Larynx (Voice Box) Larynx

  7. Thyroid cartilage • Largest hyaline cartilage • (Adam’s apple) • Epiglottis • Covers the trachea when swallowing forcing food into the esophagus • Vocal cords (vocal folds) • Vibrate with expelled air to create sound (speech) • Glottis – opening between vocal cords Structures of the Larynx

  8. Connects larynx with bronchi • Lined with ciliated mucosa • Expel mucus loaded with dust and other debris away from lungs • Walls are reinforced with C-shaped hyaline cartilage Trachea (Windpipe) Bronchus Trachea

  9. The lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates. Its principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to excrete carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli. The lungs also have nonrespiratory functions. Lungs

  10. Smallest branches of the bronchi • Alveoli: Small air sacs where gasses are exchanged Bronchioles

  11. Gas exchange takes place within the alveoli in the respiratory membrane • Single layer of squamous epithelial cells • Allows for rapid diffusion of gasses Alveoli

  12. Alveoli are surrounded by capillaries • Gasses are exchanged between the air inside the alveoli and the blood in the capilaries • High concentration of O2 in the alveoli • Low concetration of O2 in the blood • Low conentration of CO2 in the alveoli • High concentration of CO2 in the blood Alveoli

  13. Grab a sheet of paper! • Put the following organs of the respiratory system in order without your notes. • Larynx • Nose • Pharynx • Lungs • Trachea • Bronchi

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