Phonics

1. Phonics Ann Morrison, Ph.D.

2. Phonics • The intersection of Phonological Awareness and Print Awareness • Alphabetics • Sight Words • Onset-Rime • Morphology • Orthography Morrison, 2.22.12

3. Adams, 1990 Morrison, 2.22.12

4. Morrison, 2011 Morrison, 2.22.12

5. Phonics Model Lesson video • http://dww.ed.gov/media/DDI/RIR/SI/See/flashlite/1506/index.htm • Sight word instruction video: Frannie Fallon Morrison, 2.22.12

6. Alphabetics • Lettersounds • Sounds of letter combinations Morrison, 2.22.12

7. Phonics Teaching Sequence • Letter identification • Letter sounds • 2 letter blending and segmenting (cv or vc) • cvc blending and segmenting • ccvc, cvcc, cvcv blending and segmenting Morrison, 2.22.12

8. Try this… • Using the magnetic letter boards, teach the phonics sequence to your neighbor • Before you begin, select just a few letters to focus on • Make sure to include an e and one other vowel, so you can make cvce words Morrison, 2.22.12

9. Sight and High Frequency Words • Read as whole words, not decoded • Fluency in reading sight and high frequency words contributes to reading fluency which, in turn, contributes to reading comprehension Morrison, 2.22.12

10. Sight Words v. High Frequency Words Sight Words High Frequency Words Decodable Are used most frequently in a given literature set (can have high frequency words of 5th grade Electricity unit) • Difficult to decode using rules of English, don’t “play by the rules” • Can also be high frequency Morrison, 2.22.12

11. Onset-Rime • Word families • Onset is the consonant before the first vowel • Rime is everything after the first vowel • Example: • Str-ay, fr-ay, pl-ay Morrison, 2.22.12

12. Morphology • Morpheme: the smallest unit of a word that has meaning • Morphology: the study of how languages combine morphemes • Syllables are also chunks of words, but • They are speech sounds, not written • Comprised by a vowel and one or more consonants • May, but do not necessarily, have meaning when standing alone Morrison, 2.22.12

13. Six Syllable Types Wilson Reading Program Poster Morrison, 2.22.12

14. Orthography • Describes the graphemes, diacritics, and punctuation used in a language and rules for writing these symbols • More commonly defined as “common spelling patterns”, but actually includes more Morrison, 2.22.12

15. Phonics Elements • Consonants…letter-sound correspondences that include single consonants, such as l- /l/ and p - /p/ that occur at the beginning and end of words like lap and pal • Consonant digraphs…sounds represented by letter combinations at the beginning of words like ship, chip, thin and whip, and at the end of click and sing • Consonant blends…the initial sound combinations at the beginning of words like stop, tree, black, flag, and at the end of send and left • Silent letters…letters that have no corresponding sound in words such as the k in knead the b in lamb • Short vowels…vowel sounds that occur in words like cat /a/ hen /e/ pig /i/ dog /o/ and bug /u/ • Long vowels…vowel sounds that occur in words like ate /ā/ eat /ē / ice /ī/ oat /ō/ and use /ū/ Morrison, 2.22.12

16. Phonics Elements, cont. • Other vowels…medial vowels such as the /ä/ in father; r-controlled vowels in which the sound of the vowel is influenced by the letter r that follows it, as in car and bird, in which the sound is neither long or short; schwa /ǝ/, which is the vowel sound that occurs in unaccented syllables such as the initial vowel in about and the final vowel in teacher • Vowel digraphs…two vowel letters that make a single vowel sound such as the /ŏ/ in boat or the /ŏŏ/ in good • Vowel diphthongs…two vowel letters that make a blended or glided sound such as the oi in boil and the ou in shout • Syllables…combinations of phonemes that make up larger sound units in words in which consonants cluster around vowels Morrison, 2.22.12