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Ethanol production from oil seed cakes and subsequent biological

Ethanol production from oil seed cakes and subsequent biological treatment of the remaining biomass for methane production by Chutima Swangkotchakorn (DTU).  There are four main steps to produce ethanol: the pretreatment, cellulose hydrolysis, fermentation, and separation.

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Ethanol production from oil seed cakes and subsequent biological

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  1. Ethanol production from oil seed cakes and subsequent biological treatment of the remaining biomass for methane production by Chutima Swangkotchakorn (DTU)

  2.  There are four main steps to produce ethanol: the pretreatment, cellulose hydrolysis, fermentation, and separation.  From the composition analysis of oil cakes, the sunflower and sesame cakes are not economically feasible feedstocks due to their low glucan (less than 10% content). Alternatively, soy cake and peanut cake are promising candidates due to their high glucan and hemicellulose content.

  3.  The AFEX pretreatment process is a promising pretreatment method since mild conditions are used (70-100C). The enzymes for hydrolysis process should contain both cellulase and xylanase in order to produce glucose from glucan and xylose from xylan, respectively. In fermentation process, the microorganism should be able to ferment both C6 and C5 sugers to ethanol, for example, P. stipitis and recombinant Zymomonas mobilis strain.  Overall, the convesion of oil cakes to ethanol is currently not viable since large amounts of the feed can not be fermented to ethanol. Another alternative is to produce methane from the remaining unused fraction to make more value out of these cakes.

  4.  There are several factors that affect the methanogenesis process: temperature (mesophilic ca. 35C and thermopilic ca. 60C), pH (6.8-8.2), anaerobiosis, carbon to nitrogen ratio, micronutrients, toxic elements in the feedstock, and inoculum. Feeds with high solid loading normally use converted anaerobic lagoons, complete-mix reactors, plug-flow reactors, and anaerobic reactors. These reactors require long hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 15 to 60 days and moderate organic loading rate (OLR). Feeds with low solid loading can be digested in high-rate immobilized reactors such as the upflow anaerobic sludgebed digester (UASB), anaerobic filter (AF), and fixed-film systems. These reactors retain high concentrations of immobilized microorganisms and permit low HRT.

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