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Skin Tutorial Feedback

Skin Tutorial Feedback. DN4 Dr Viv Rolfe. SKIN STRUCTURE. Take 5 minutes to chat through the structures of the skin. 3 main layers. melanocyte. Hair shaft. EPIDERMIS. Arrectores Pilorum. DERMIS. Sweat gland. Sebaceous gland. Hair follicle. SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER. Sweat gland

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Skin Tutorial Feedback

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  1. Skin Tutorial Feedback DN4 Dr Viv Rolfe

  2. SKIN STRUCTURE Take 5 minutes to chat through the structures of the skin.

  3. 3 main layers melanocyte Hair shaft EPIDERMIS Arrectores Pilorum DERMIS Sweat gland Sebaceous gland Hair follicle SUBCUTANEOUS LAYER

  4. Sweat gland • Excretion of salts/water • Thermoregulation • Sebaceous gland • Secretion of sebum • Protective film waterproofs skin • Keeps hair soft • Antibacterial • Hair • Eye, ear & nasal hair protects from particles • Scalp hair protects from suns rays • Hairs provide insulation therefore are involved in thermoregulation • Hair follicle • Produces new hair • Hair shaft for insulation • Arretores pilorum • Muscle contracts to make hair erect • Important for thermoregulation and also occurs during fear

  5. Where are the ceruminous glands? In the ear. They help form wax, and along with hair prevents theentrance of foreign bodies.

  6. SKIN FUNCTION

  7. Stratum corneum – dead cells • Stratum lucidium • S granulosum • S spinosum • S basale - mitosis

  8. 1 Protection

  9. What makes the skin an effective barrier? Discuss for 5 minutes.

  10. Barrier Epidermis cells form a barrier of keratin-filled cells(waterproofing) Cells are continually sheding and renewing Sebum contains anti-microbials Hairs are protective (e.g. eye lashes and nasal hairs)

  11. How does the skin tan? Discuss for 5 minutes.

  12. Tanning MELANOCYTES EPIDERMIS DERMIS

  13. The tanning process UV light stimulates enzymes that produce melanin Melanocytes change shape and send out long processes into the tissue Epidermal cells take up melanin from the processes The skin darkens and protects from UV damage by reducing light absorption

  14. Conditions relating to skin colour Albinism - congenital absence of pigment in skin, hair and eyes. Vitiligo -absence of pigment producing white patches.

  15. Vitiligo – patches where melanin is absent Age 27 Age 41

  16. 2 Thermoregulation

  17. 37o HOT!

  18. Skin thermoreceptors Message to brain “ITS HOT” Nerve impulse to sweat glandto perspire and bloodvessels to widen (dilate) Heat is lost as sweat evaporates,and from vessels by convection

  19. Skin thermoreceptors Message to brain “ITS COLD” Nerve impulse to ARRECTOR PILARIS muscle to contract Hairs stand on end to giveinsulation Blood vessels shrink (contract) to minimise heat loss

  20. Hyperthermia or Pyrexia • Body temperature above 40oC • Body temperature severely reduced,becoming dangerous below 37 oC Hypothermia

  21. 3 Vitamin D synthesis

  22. What does vitamin D do in the body?How is deficiency caused?What are the consequences?How could it be prevented?

  23. How is it made? Sunlight produces pro vitamin D in the skin This is transported to the liver and kidney, and active vitamin D is formed.

  24. What does it do? • Vitamin D is involved in calcium balance • It works with the hormone parathyrin to • BOOST Ca++ when blood levels are LOW

  25. Vitamin D deficiency What does it cause? Rickets How could it occur? At high altitude or cold climates where the skin is covered in clothing. In polluted areas where UV rays can’t break through. How can we prevent it?Fish, eggs, liver rich in vitamin D Sunbathing

  26. Skin as a sensory organ

  27. Skin receptors Monitor changes in temperature pressure pain

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