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Shakespeare’s Life and Plays. The tragedy of Hamlet. Teaching. Seriousness Competence Method.
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Shakespeare’s Life and Plays The tragedy of Hamlet
Teaching Seriousness Competence Method
Not massbutindividualised teachingaddressed tovariedcompetences sensitiveness motivation
Unit plan Multimedia Presentation Power Point - Textbook – Webpages - CD Audio -video DVD Reading : Hamlet’s monologue What a piece of work is man Listening : The Bard of Avon ( A radio programme on CD audio) Video : 1990 Zeffirelli’s film Amleto ( the complete Italian version ) Hamlet ( passages from the English version : “To be or not to be” monologue “ What a piece of work is man” ) Language Grammar : modals in the past ( may –might ) Vocabulary : crime – revenge - doubt – mystery – acting etc. Functions : hypothesis in the past
Warming up Set the background information • Reading of chapters /passages / quotations from two books : I segreti di Londra , by Corrado Augias Storia della letteratura Inglese , by G. T. di Lampedusa • Homework research task by surfing the Internet on given websites : www. shakespeare-globe.org www. williamshakespeares. com www. sparknotes.com
BiographyWilliam Shakespeare : The Bard of AvonA mysterious life Listening Listen to the radio programmeThe Bard of Avon about Shakespeare’s biography and fill in the missing information. You are required to write a short sentence in each box. You will hear the recording twice. Use the first listening to fill in the easiest sentences and the second to complete the task . Language ( Vocabulary – Grammar ) Now read the completed text and underline all the words / phrases /sentences expressing uncertainty and mystery .
Plays • First Folio – The first collected edition of Shakespeare’s plays- 1623 • Mr W. Shakespeare’s Comedies Histories § Tragedies, Published according • to the true Original Copies, edited by Heminges and Condell • 38 plays • no chronological order but classification into three genres : • - comedies • - historical plays • - tragedies First Folio displayed in Hong Kong
Dating of the plays Approximate dates have subsequently been given to the 38 plays based on : Internal evidence( references to contemporary events in the play ) External evidence( references to the play on official contemporary documents ) Stylistic evidence( quality of style, plot, characterization and metre used in the play ) - Malone ( 1821 ) – Furnivall ( 1877 ) - E.K. Chambers ( 1930 ) The most authoritative attempts at dating Shakespeare’s plays
The Four PeriodsThe division into four periods is usually based on Chamber’s table
HamletPrince of Denmark1601 Shakespeare’s most celebrated play The Popularity of this tragedy concerning the miserable, young prince of Denmark has been constant throughout the centuries and its success has been renewed in a great number of film versions
HamletCharactersA couple of young lovers and their families
Hamlet Plot The story of the Prince of Denmark whose father, the lawful king, was murdered by Hamlet’s uncle Claudius, who quickly marries the Queen in order to take the throne. Prompted by the ghost of his father , Hamlet embarks on the task of avenging the murder. He pretends to be madin order to carry out his plans more freely. Soon the protagonist’s inability to act clashes with the demands of restoring a lawful succession to the throne.
HamletThe Five Acts ACT I - Qeen Gertrude and her brother-in-law Claudius marry after the king’s death - The Ghost of the dead king appears and tells Hamlet he has been murdered - He asks Hamlet to take revenge ACT II - Hamlet pretends to be mad and rejects Ophelia’s love - He asks a troupe of actors to perform “ The Murder of Gonzago “ ACT III - The play is presented . The king rises and rushes away - Hamlet kills Polonius -The king decides to get rid of Hamlet and sends him to England ACT IV - Ophelia goes mad and drowns herself -Hamlet returns from England -The king drives Laertes to a duel with Hamlet ACT V - The duel follows - Hamlet is urged to drink poisoned wine but he does not - The queen drinks it and dies - Laertes wounds Hamlet with the poisoned tip of his sword . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . Everybody dies - Fortinbras takes possession of the kingdom after giving military honours to Hamlet
Hamlet, the angry young manAngriness – restlessness – generational clashes – doubt Hamlet embodies the spirit ofrestlessness of an age of transition . On the one hand he seems to threaten the certainties upon which the Elisabethan age was built, but on the other is unable to provide anynew context of reference. Accordingly, Hamlet’s character is both scornful and nostalgic of the values that nourished the old world order.
HamletUniversal themes • Life and death • Thirst for power • Corruption • Misogyny • Youth • Appearance vs Reality • (Dis)Loyal Friendship • Parental relationships • Revenge • Superstition vs Intellect
Mel Gibsonas HamletinZeffirelli’s film Showing the film - 150 min ( Italian Version ) Starring: Mel Gibson asHamlet Glenn Close asGertrude Alan Bates asClaudius Helena Bonan-Carter as Ophelia
Hamlet’s Memorable Speeches From the English version of the film “ To Be, or not to Be “ About 10 min “ What a piece of work is man “ about 10 min
ENGLISH Reasons for bearing adversity For , in that sleep of death what dreams may come ……………………………………………………….. That makes calamity of so long life. ITALIAN To Be , or not to BeReading - Translation – Paraphrasis Analysis of Language and Imagery Statement of alternative To be, or not to be, that is the question : Whether ‘tis nobler in the mind ……….. ……………………………………………. Or to take arms against a sea of troubles Death as a solution ……………….. To die , to sleep No more ; and by a sleep to say we end ………………………… A turn in Hamlet’s thoughts To sleep, perchance to dream – ay, there’s the rub :
What a piece of work is manA Freudian description of Depression HAMLET : I have of late - but wherefore I know not – lost all my mirth , foregone all custom of exercise ; and indeed it goes so heavily with my disposition that this goodly frame, the earth, seems to me a sterilepromontory ; this most excellent canopy, the air , look you , this brave o’erhanging firmament ,this majestical fretted with golden fire, why, it appeareth no other thing to me that a foul and pestilent congregation of vapours . What a piece of work is man ! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculty ; in form and moving how expressand admirable ; in action how like an angel ; in apprehension how like a god ! the beauty of the world, the paragon of animals ! And yet , to me , what is this quintessence of dust ? Man delights not me; no, nor woman neither, though by your smiling you seem to say so. ROSENCRANTZ : My lord, there was no such stuff in my thoughts. HAMLET : Why did you laugh then when I said “man delights not me” ?
Test Literary competence Literary analysis Language Text • PART 1 - Multiple choice ( Shakespeare’s life and plays ) • PART 2 - Cloze text ( plot of Hamlet ) • PART 3 - Open questions / Short essay on - Hamlet’s monologue - Hamlet’s vision of life - Hamlet’s character