The Language of Composition Arrangement

1. The Language of CompositionArrangement Pages 13-14

2. Arrangement • More than one way • Important for the development of the essay • Depends on author’s purpose and intended effect • Beginning, middle, end

3. Classical Model

4. Exodium(beginning of a web) = Introduction • May be more than one paragraph • Draws the readers in by challenging them, by piquing their interest, getting their attention

5. Narratio = Narration • Factual info. • Background info. • Level of detail is determined by what audience already knows • Appeal is logos, which helps to establish the author’s ethos

6. Confirmatio= Confirmation • Specific details • Development of proof • Strongest appeal is logos

7. Refutatio = refutation • Counterargument given • Serves as a bridge between the proof and the conclusion

8. Peroratio = conclusion • Can be more than one paragraph • Brings essay to a close • Usually appeals to pathos • Also reminds reader of author’s ethos • Answers the question, so what? • Last words = most likely words to be remembered

9. Read “Not by Math Alone” • Pages 14-15 • Note how each section exemplifies the notes you just wrote!

10. Patterns of Developmen • Narration • Description • Process Analysis • Exemplification • Comparison and Contrast • Classification and Division • Definition • Cause and Effect

11. Narration • Chronological • Concrete detail • Point of view • Often dialogue • Crafts a story that supports the thesis

12. Description • Five senses • Vivid picture • Often establishes a mood • Establishes empathy for: • author • author’s subject, or • author’s argument

13. Process Analysis • Explains: • How something works • How to do something, or • How something was done • Clarity and Logic Required • Transitions that mark sequence of steps, stage, or phases of process

14. Exemplification