Resource Management in the New Millennium

1. Resource Managementin theNew Millennium Richard V. Anthony Richard Anthony Associates

2. Why Resource Management?

3. Ancient Culture • Code of Hammurabi • Old and New Testament Rules • Early Civilization

4. American Culture 1800 • American Indian • Pioneer Ethic • Quilting Bees • Refillable Glass Containers, Mason Canning Jars

5. American Culture 1900 • Junk Yards, Yard Sales • Hog Farms and Collection of Putresables • Required Source Separation prior to the End of WWII

6. It Should be the Law • Navigable Rivers Act, Late 1800 • Rachel Carson, Silent Spring • Open Burning Dumps, Untreated Sewage and Industrial Discharges into Oceans, Rivers, Lakes, and Air • Clean Air and Clean Water Acts

7. Federal LawSolid Waste Management Act, Resource Recovery Act • Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (1976) Hazardous Waste • Standards for Land Disposal • Special Wastes (Medical, Tires) • Resource Recovery and Recycling Education and Training

8. Montreal Protocol Kyoto Agreement International Law

9. California Law • Solid Waste Management and Resource Recovery Act (1974), Integrated Waste Management Act (1989) • Establish Hierarchy of Waste: Source Reduction, Recycling, Composting, Transformation and Land Disposal • Required 50% diversion of base year waste generated by year 2000

10. AB 2020(Beverage Container Recycling Act)ANDAB 322(Expanded Beverage Container Recycling Act) • Requires deposits on beverage containers • Requires redemption centers • Provides a grant program

11. It Makes Good Sense • Thomas Malthus the consequences of the increasing gap between rich and poor • Karl Marx the ultimate result of the gap is revolution and the redistribution of wealth. • Club of Rome Study, Meadows • Mend our ways or nature will force us

12. Old Way extracts from environment and dump waste back into the environment. New Way is to close the loop and make environmental dumping illegal or expensive Managing Our Resources

13. Close the Loop Black Hole

14. Close the Loop Black Hole

15. Efficiency in Managing Resources • Matter and energy are constants E=MC2 • There is no “away” • No such thing as a free lunch

16. Zero Waste • Zero Waste goals (efficiency) • Create Jobs from Discards • End Welfare for Wasting (level the playing field)

17. Responsibility • Consumer Responsibility (what you buy) • Producer Responsibility

18. 6 “R’s” Reduce (source reduction) Redesign Repair (fix) Reuse (durable vs. Single use i.e., cameras, napkins) Recycle (everything else) Regulate New Millennium Rules

19. A Zero Waste Approach to Jobs and Sustainability

20. A Zero Waste System has a Place for Everything VesilindWorrellReinhart, Solid Waste Engineering

21. “For Proper Resource Management and Public Health, Industry Needs to Redesign Products and Packages for “Reuse, Repair and Recycling” MFR. Plant Black Hole

22. Reusable Paper Plant Debris Putrescibles Wood Ceramics Soils Metals Glass Polymers Textiles Chemicals All Materials Found Today at the Incinerator or Landfill can be Sorted into12Categories These categories and the following definitions have been developed by Dr. Daniel Knapp, Urban Ore, Berkeley, California 94710

23. Reusable Goods…. ….are discarded materials that are useful in their present form. • Examples are doors, windows, furniture, lighting, household goods, clothing, bricks, live plants, etc. • Reuse operators need covered space, and enough room to organize, display, and sell all reuse items coming to the facility. They will also need to dismantle, clean, upgrade and store unsaleable merchandise for recycling.

24. Reusable Goods….

25. Reusable Goods….

26. Paper…. ….is one of the largest commodity sub flows, comes in many forms, from newsprint to cardboard, all valuable for their fiber content. • Paper collection and processing requires warehousing and sorting facilities, a baler, a forklift, and trucking.

27. Paper….

28. Paper….

29. Plant Debris …. ….is another large sub flow, plant debris includes tree limbs and tree rounds, brush, weeds, grass clippings, and leaves. • Plant debris operators need room to store green materials until they are dry enough to be fed into a grinding process. • After grinding, plant debris may be screened, windrowed, turned, watered, and eventually blended with other nutrients and minerals into various types and grades of soil amendments. • Composting plant debris and tilting it into soil is a carbon sink, a potential remedy to global warming.

30. Plant Debris ….

31. Plant Debris ….

32. Putrescibles …. ….are similar chemically to plant debris, but differ in their high nutrient value, which makes them a magnet for scavenger species of birds, mammals, and insects. • Special handling requirements may include rapid mixing and dispersing with plant debris, containerizing for aerobic or anaerobic decomposition, and odor control. • This includes food and sludge.

33. Putrescibles ….

34. Putrescibles ….

35. Wood…. ….may initially be divided into three streams: reusable/resalable, recyclable/ unpainted, and painted. • Reusable wood includes, doors, cabinets, dimensional lumber, furniture and plywood. • Recyclable wood is usually chipped or ground, manufactured into particleboard, or blended with other ingredients into compost. • Painted and treated wood may require special handling due to entrained metals and other toxins.

36. Wood….

37. Wood….

38. Ceramics…. ….are hard, brittle materials such as stone, concrete, china tile and asphalt.

39. Ceramics….

40. Ceramics….

41. Soils…. ….are generated by road and foundation construction and by dredging. • Clean soils can be sold for fill or added to compost blends to produce a more mineralized product. • Soils contaminated by petrochemicals can often be cleaned up through bioremediation.

42. Soils….

43. Soils….

44. Metals…. ….have been recycled for thousands of years; so the metals recycling industry recognizes hundred of subcategories, most based on complex alloys of two or more elemental metals such as iron, aluminum and copper. • Metals have a very large and varied reuse component. • Metals are also recycled extensively: most new steel for example is recycled from old steel.

45. Metals….

46. Metals….

47. Glass…. ….comes to disposal facilities in two major sub flows: plate glass and container glass. • Plate glass may be used as if, if unbroken, or recycled into fiberglass or sand. • Container glass may be color sorted, then ground up and made into new containers or simply made into sand.

48. Glass….

49. Glass….

50. Polymers…. ….are carbon-based compounds manufactured into films or rigid forms such as containers or computer cases. • By comparison with other master categories, polymer recycling is a very young industry experiencing multiple growing pains. • Resin complexity and incompatibility, contamination, and “heat” history are primary limiting factors.